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Inicio Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Adherence to inhaled therapy in the outpatient setting
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Vol. 29. Issue 1.
Pages 34-38 (January - February 2019)
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Vol. 29. Issue 1.
Pages 34-38 (January - February 2019)
Brief Original Article
Adherence to inhaled therapy in the outpatient setting
Adherencia a la terapia inhalada en el ámbito ambulatorio
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Emma Barja-Martíneza,
Corresponding author
emmabm9@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Susana Casas-Gonzáleza, Ana Flor Simón-Lópezb, Consuelo Mancheño-Ovejeroa, M. Luz Gema Padial-de la Cruza
a Servicio de Neumología, Centro de Especialidades de Coronel de Palma, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de Móstoles, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Patient socio-demographic characteristics and health status.
Table 2. Non-compliance of treatment by educational level.
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Abstract
Objective

To find out the degree of adherence to inhaled therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma in a pulmonology clinic. To identify the type of non-compliance and the different factors affecting it.

Method

A descriptive, cross-sectional study in which 124 patients were included. Adherence was assessed using the ‘Test of Adherence to Inhalers’ (TAI) questionnaire.

Results

A total of 62 women and 62 men were recruited and the average age was 63. Fifty-one point 6 percent of the patients had COPD, and 48.4% were asthmatics. Thirty-eight point 7 percent of the them showed high adherence, 37.9% showed intermediate adherence and 23.4%, low adherence. In terms of non-compliance, 13.7% was erratic, 4.8% was deliberate, and 28.2%, unwitting. Patients with a basic level of education had better compliance than the others (p=.05), and patients with COPD showed higher adherence than the asthmatics (p=.02). Age, gender and the trainer did not indicate significant statistical differences.

Conclusion

38.7% of patients show high adherence to inhaled therapy, with a predominance of unwitting non-compliance. Patients with COPD and with a basic level of education showed higher levels of adherence. The training given by the pulmonologist and the respiratory nurse seemed to improve adherence to these treatments, although no significant differences were found.

Keywords:
Medication adherence
Asthma
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Administration by inhalation
Resumen
Objetivo

Conocer el grado de adherencia a la terapia inhalada en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) y asma en una consulta de Neumología. Identificar el tipo de incumplimiento y otros factores que influyen en el mismo.

Método

Estudio descriptivo transversal en el que se incluyó consecutivamente a 124 pacientes. La adherencia se evaluó a través del Cuestionario Test de Adhesión a los Inhaladores (TAI).

Resultados

Se reclutó a 62 mujeres y 62 hombres, y la mediana de edad fue 63 años. El 51,6% fueron pacientes con EPOC y el 48,4% con asma. El 38,7% presentó buena adherencia, el 37,9% intermedia y el 23,4% mala. En cuanto al incumplimiento, un 13,7% fue errático, un 4,8% deliberado y un 28,2% inconsciente. Los pacientes con estudios básicos tuvieron mejor cumplimiento que los demás (p=0,05) y los pacientes con EPOC presentan mejor adherencia que los asmáticos (p=0,02). La edad, el género y el formador no mostraron diferencias estadísticas significativas.

Conclusiones

El 38,7% de los pacientes presentan una buena adherencia a la terapia inhalada, predominando el incumplimiento inconsciente. Pacientes con EPOC y con estudios básicos presentan mayores niveles de adhesión. La formación de neumólogo y enfermera de neumología parece mejorar la adherencia, aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas.

Palabras clave:
Cumplimiento de la medicación
Asma
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Administración por inhalación

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