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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (English Edition) Streptococcus pyogenes infections in Spanish children before and after the COVID...
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Vol. 42. Issue 2.
Pages 88-92 (February 2024)
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Vol. 42. Issue 2.
Pages 88-92 (February 2024)
Brief report
Streptococcus pyogenes infections in Spanish children before and after the COVID pandemic. Coming back to the previous incidence
Infecciones por Streptococcus pyogenesen en niños españoles antes y después de la pandemia de COVID. Volviendo a la incidencia previa
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105
María de Ceano-Vivasa,1,
Corresponding author
maria.dceano@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, Miguel Ángel Molina Gutiérreza,1, Isabel Mellado-Solab, Paula García Sáncheza, David Grandiosoc, Cristina Calvob,d,e,f, Collaborating Group
a Pediatric Emergency Department, La Paz University Hospital, P° Castellana, 261. 28046, Madrid, Spain
b Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital
c Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), P° Castellana, 261. 28046, Madrid, Spain
d Microbiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, P° Castellana, 261. 28046, Madrid, Spain
e Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), P° Castellana, 261. 28046, Madrid, Spain
f CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas. CIBERINFEC. ISCIII. Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. Characteristics of the patients with Streptococcus pyogenes infections.
Abstract
Introduction

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) causes mild diseases, and unfrequently invasive infections (iGAS). Following the December 2022 alert from the United Kingdom regarding the unusual increase in GAS and iGAS infections, we analyzed the incidence of GAS infections in 2018–2022 in our hospital.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of patients seen in a pediatric emergency department (ED) diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis and scarlet fever and patients admitted for iGAS during last 5 years.

Results

The incidence of GAS infections was 6.43 and 12.38/1000 ED visits in 2018 and 2019, respectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic the figures were 5.33 and 2.14/1000 ED visits in 2020 and 2021, respectively, and increased to 10.2/1000 ED visits in 2022. The differences observed were not statistically significant (p=0.352).

Conclusions

In our series, as in other countries, GAS infections decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and mild and severe cases increased considerably in 2022, but did not reach similar levels to those detected in other countries.

Keywords:
Group A Streptococcus (GAS)
Streptococcus pyogenes
Scarlet fever
Streptococcal pharyngitis
GAS invasive infection (iGAS)
Children
Resumen
Introducción

Streptococcus del grupo A (GAS) causa infecciones leves y ocasionalmente invasivas (iGAS). Tras la alerta publicada en diciembre de 2022 en el Reino Unido respecto al aumento de infecciones por GAS leves e iGAS, analizamos la incidencia de estas infecciones en 2018-2022 en nuestro hospital.

Métodos

Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de los niños atendidos en urgencias pediátricas (UP) diagnosticados de faringitis estreptocócica y escarlatina y los ingresados por iGAS durante 5 años.

Resultados

La incidencia de infecciones por GAS fue de 6,43 y de 12,38/1.000 visitas a UP en 2018 y 2019, respectivamente. Durante la pandemia fue de 5,33 y de 2,14/1.000 visitas en 2020 y 2021, respectivamente, y aumentó a 10,2/1.000 visitas en 2022. Estas diferencias no fueron estadísticamente significativas (p=0,352).

Discusión

En nuestra serie, al igual que en otros países, las infecciones por GAS disminuyeron durante la pandemia de COVID-19, pero en 2022 aumentaron considerablemente los casos leves y graves, sin alcanzar cifras similares a las detectadas en otros países.

Palabras clave:
Estreptococo del grupo A (GAS)
Streptococcus pyogenes
Escarlatina
Faringitis estreptocócica
Infección invasiva por GAS
Niños

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