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El tratamiento con análogos de somatostatina radiomarcados es una nueva opción de tratamiento en los pacientes con tumores neuroendocrinos gastroenteropancreáticos inoperables o con enfermedad metastásica. El acoplamiento de distintos isótopos a los análogos de somatostatina permite la unión del complejo a los receptores de somatostatina presentes en la superficie celular de muchos de estos tumores. El tratamiento con radionúclidos persigue la disminución de la masa tumoral con el fin de detener la progresión de le enfermedad, con diversos resultados en función del tipo de isótopo y las dosis utilizadas. Los efectos secundarios de dicho tratamiento incluyen alteraciones hematológicas, hepáticas y renales.
La respuesta de estos tumores al tratamiento con quimioterapia convencional es limitada. El desarrollo de estudios con fármacos antiangiogénicos, inhibidores del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico e inhibidores de mTOR probablemente suponga un gran avance en el tratamiento de los tumores neuroendocrinos.
Palabras clave:
Análogos de somatostatina
Radionúclido
Angiogénesis
Factor de crecimiento epidérmico
Treatment with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs is a novel therapy in patients with inoperable gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors or metastatic disease. Coupling of distinct isotopes to somatostatin analogs allows the complexto bind to somatostatin receptors present in the cell surface of many of these tumors. Radionucleotide therapy reduces the tumoral mass with the aim of slowing disease progression and has varying results depending on the type of isotope and the doses used. The secondary effects of this treatment include hematological, hepatic and renal alterations.
The response of these tumors to conventional chemotherapy is limited. The development of studies with antiangiogenic drugs, epidermic growth factor receptor inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors probably represents a significant advance in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors.
Key words:
Somatostatin analogs
Radionuclide
Angiogenesis
Epidermal growth factor
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