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Vol. 55. Issue S1.
La erradicación de la deficiencia de yodo en españa
Pages 54-60 (January 2008)
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Vol. 55. Issue S1.
La erradicación de la deficiencia de yodo en españa
Pages 54-60 (January 2008)
La erradicación de la deficiencia de yodo en España
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Importancia de mantener una suficiente concentración sérica de T4 materna en el primer trimestre del embarazo
Importance of ensuring sufficient maternal T4 levels in the first trimester of pregnancy
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F. Morales García
Corresponding author
currolhjsea@mixmail.com

Correspondencia: Dr. F. Morales García. Editor José Manuel Lara, 5, 2.° A. 41013 Sevilla. España.
, M.A. Martínez Brocca
Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla. España
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El feto impone al sistema endocrino materno unas condiciones de gran valor para su propio desarrollo óptimo, y quedan temporalmente sobreseídos mecanismos endocrinos habituales. La transferencia maternofetal de T4 representa una contribución importante a la economía tiroidea fetal, necesaria para un buen desarrollo del sistema nervioso central del feto, desde comienzos del embarazo hasta el nacimiento, en especial en la primera mitad, antes de que aparezca una significativa función tiroidea fetal propia. A estos efectos, es imprescindible contar con la integridad de la capacidad funcional tiroidea y sus mecanismos de regulación y disponer de adecuados almacenes de yodo.

Estudios epidemiológicos y experimentales han puesto claramente en evidencia que la hipotiroxinemia materna en el primer trimestre de embarazo implica un incremento del riesgo para un pobre desarrollo neuropsicológico de los hijos.

Palabras clave:
Principio del embarazo
Deficiencia de yodo
Hipotiroxinemia materna
Neurodesarrollo fetal
Suplementación de yodo

The maternal endocrine system is essential for optimal fetal development, and normal endocrine mechanisms are temporarily supplanted during pregnancy. Transplacental transfer of thyroid hormone plays a crucial role in fetal neurodevelopment throughout ontogeny, especially before mid-gestation when fetal thyroid synthesis becomes significant. Thus, normal maternal thyroid hormone function is essential, ensuring adequate thyroid hormone and iodine levels throughout pregnancy. Epidemiological and experimental studies have robustly shown that maternal hypothyroxinemia in the first trimester of pregnancy increases the risk for adverse neurodevelopmental and neuropsychological outcomes in offspring.

Key words:
Early pregnancy
Iodine deficiency
Hypothyroxinemia
Fetal neurodevelopment
Iodine supplementation
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Copyright © 2008. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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