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El yodo es un oligoelemento esencial para la síntesis de hormonas tiroideas. La deficiencia de este oligoelemento es especialmente preocupante en el recién nacido, que debe sintetizar suficientes hormonas tiroideas para hacer frente a sus necesidades hormonales, ya que los preparados para alimentación de neonatos a término y prematuros no siempre contienen el yodo necesario. En el mundo, la mayor causa de hipotiroxinemia es la deficiencia de yodo, la cual está reconocida como la causa más importante de retraso mental y parálisis cerebral prevenible.
Palabras clave:
Prematuridad
Hipotiroxinemia
Deficiencia de yodo
Iodine is a trace element essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency is especially worrying in neonates, who must synthesize sufficient thyroid hormones to meet their hormonal requirements, since formula preparations for premature and term infants do not always contain adequate iodine. Worldwide, the main cause of hypothyroxinemia is iodine deficiency, which in turn is the main preventible cause of mental retardation and cerebral palsy.
Key words:
Prematurity
Hypothyroxinemia
Iodine deficiency
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