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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis Los fibratos modifican la expresión hepática de colesterol 7-α-hidroxilasa, M...
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Vol. 16. Issue 5.
Pages 185-191 (January 2004)
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Vol. 16. Issue 5.
Pages 185-191 (January 2004)
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Los fibratos modifican la expresión hepática de colesterol 7-α-hidroxilasa, MDR3 y ABCG5 en pacientes con colelitiasis
Fibrates modify the hepatic expression of cholesterol 7-α-hydroxylase, mdr3 and abcg5 in patients with cholelithiasis
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N. Roglansa,
Corresponding author
roglans@ub.edu

Correspondencia: Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Barcelona. Avda. Diagonal, 643. 08028 Barcelona. España
, F. Novellb, D. Zambónc, E. Rosc, J.C. Lagunaa, R.M. Sáncheza
a Unidad de Farmacología y Farmacognosia. Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Barcelona. Barcelona
b Departamento de Cirugía. Hospital Clínic i Provincial. Barcelona
c Clínica de Lípidos. Servicio de Nutrición y Dietética. Hospital Clínic i Provincial. Barcelona. España
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Introducción

El tratamiento con fibratos provoca cambios tanto en el contenido de lípidos biliares como en la composición de los ácidos biliares, lo que conduce a un incremento de la incidencia de colelitiasis en humanos. Los mecanismos moleculares implicados en estos cambios, observados en pacientes tratados con fibratos durante un largo período, todavía no han sido descritos. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido investigar el efecto del tratamiento con fibratos en los factores clave implicados en la síntesis de ácidos biliares y en la secreción biliar de lípidos en pacientes con colelitiasis.

Pacientes y método

Pacientes con colelitiasis y valores de colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (cLDL) elevados (> 130 mg/dl) fueron aleatorizados y asignados al tratamiento con bezafibrato (400 mg/día), fenofibrato (200 mg/día), gemfibrozilo (900 mg/día) o placebo, durante 8 semanas antes de proceder a la intervención quirúrgica (colecistectomía electiva). La obtención de muestras hepáticas tuvo lugar en el momento de la operación y mediante RT-PCR se determinaron los valores de ARNm de colesterol 7-α-hidroxilasa (CYP7A1), hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4), transportadores ATP-binding cassette: MDR3, ABCG5, ABCG8 y el homólogo humano del receptor scavanger BI (CLA-1).

Resultados

Fenofibrato, bezafibrato y gemfibrozilo redujeron de forma significativa los valores de cLDL y triglicéridos plasmáticos. Los 3 fibratos ensayados redujeron los valores de ARNm de CYP7A1, pero sólo el bezafibrato incrementó significativamente los valores de ABCG5. Ninguno de los fármacos por separado produjo cambios importantes en los valores de ARNm de los restantes genes probados, pero los fibratos como grupo incrementaron el ARNm de MDR-3 y ABCG5.

Conclusiones

Estos resultados muestran por primera vez que la administración de fibratos a humanos, a dosis similares a las farmacológicas, reduce la expresión de la colesterol 7-α-hidroxilasa e incrementan la expresión de MDR-3 y ABCG5.

Palabras clave:
Excreción de lípidos biliares
CYP7A1
HNF-4
MDR3
CLA-1
ABCG5
ABCG8
Introduction

Fibrate therapy induces adverse changes in biliary lipid and bile acid composition, which leads to an increased incidence of cholesterol gallstones. The molecular mechanisms underlying these changes on long-term therapy with fibrates are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fibrate treatment on key factors involved on bile acid synthesis and biliary lipid secretion in gallstone patients.

Patients and method

Patients with uncomplicated cholelithiasis and a serum LDL cholesterol concentration > 130 mg/dL were randomly assigned to open-label treatment with bezafibrate (400 mg/day), fenofibrate (200 mg/day), gemfibrozil (900 mg/day) or placebo for 8 weeks before elective cholecystectomy. A liver specimen was obtained during surgery, and the mRNA relative levels for cholesterol 7-α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4), ATP-binding cassette transporters: MDR3, ABCG5, ABCG8, human homologue scavenger receptor BI, were determined by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction.

Results

Fenofibrate, bezafibrate and gemfibrozil significantly reduced plasma LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. The 3 fibrates tested reduced CYP7A1 mRNA levels, but only bezafibrate significantly increased ABCG5 mRNA. None of the fibrates induced significant changes in the mRNA levels of the remaining genes tested, but fibrates, as a group, increased MDR-3 and ABCG5 mRNA.

Conclusions

These results show for the first time that fibrate administration to humans, at pharmacological doses that induce a hypolipidemic effect, down-regulates CYP7A1 and increases the mRNA levels of MDR3 and ABCG5.

Key words:
Biliary lipid secretion
CYP7A1
HNF-4
MDR3
CLA-1
ABCG5
ABCG8
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