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Vol. 19. Issue 6.
Pages 293-299 (November 2007)
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Vol. 19. Issue 6.
Pages 293-299 (November 2007)
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Endothelial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and cholesterol level in rabbit arteries: relationship to progressive hypercholesterolemia
Disfunción endotelial, peroxidación lipídica y niveles de colesterol en arterias de conejos: relación progresiva con hipercolesterolemia
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Eros A. Almeidaa,
Corresponding author
eros@fcm.unicamp.br

Correspondence: Prof. E.A. Almeida. Department of Internal Medicine. Faculty of Medical Sciences. State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). PO Box 6111, 13083-970 Campinas. São Paulo. Brazil. eros@fcm.unicamp.br
, Rodrigo A. Moralesa, Michiko R. Ozakia
a Laboratory of Endothelium, Lipids and Atherosclerosis. Center of Experimental Medicine and Surgery. Faculty of Medical Sciences. State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas. State of São Paulo. Brazil
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Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a gradual increase in the plasma total cholesterol concentration and of lipid peroxidation on endothelial function in rabbit arteries.

Material and methods

Fifty male New Zealand white rabbits were fed a diet enriched with 0.5% cholesterol and 10% coconut oil and were allocated to one of nine groups (G2 to G10) based on sequential determinations of their plasma total cholesterol concentration (each group covered an interval of 100 mg/dL). The control group (G1) consisted of five rabbits fed a non-supplemented diet. The rabbits were killed at the end of the treatment and the total plasma cholesterol concentration, arterial wall cholesterol level and lipid peroxidation based on the quantification of malondialdehyde were determined using commercial kits. Endothelial function was assessed based on concentration-response curves to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside in aortic segments.

Results

Treatment with a cholesterol-rich diet resulted in disproportional increases in the arterial wall cholesterol concentration, lipid peroxidation and a disproportional decrease in the maximum endothelium-dependent relaxations in relation to the plasma total cholesterol concentration. However, the maximum endothelium-dependent relaxations were proportional to the increase in the arterial wall content of malondialdehyde.

Conclusions

These results show that the levels of arterial wall cholesterol, lipid peroxidation and endothelial dysfunction are not proportional to the degree of hypercholesterolemia, although endothelial dysfunction is proportional to the extent of lipid peroxidation in the vessel wall.

Keywords:
Endothelium
Hypercholesterolemia
Oxidation LDL
Rabbits
Statin
Relaxation dependent of endothelium
Introducción

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar la influencia de un aumento gradual en la concentración de colesterol total plasmático y de la peroxidación lipídica sobre la función endotelial en arterias de conejo.

Material y métodos

Cincuenta conejos macho New Zealand fueron alimentados con una dieta enriquecida en colesterol al 0,5% y un 10% de aceite de coco y fueron distribuidos en nueve grupos (G2 a G10) según las determinaciones secuenciales de sus concentraciones plasmáticas de colesterol (cada grupo cubrió un intervalo de 100 mg/dl). El grupo control (G1) estaba formado por 5 conejos alimentados con una dieta no suplementada. Los animales se sacrificaron al final del tratamiento y la concentración de colesterol total plasmático, los valores de colesterol de la pared arterial y la peroxidación lipídica basada en la cuantificación de los valores de malondialdehído se determinaron utilizando kits comerciales. La función endotelial se valoró utilizando curvas concentración-respuesta a la acetilcolina y a nitroprusiato sódico en segmentos de aorta.

Resultados

El tratamiento con la dieta rica en colesterol causó un aumento desproporcionado en la concentración de colesterol en la pared arterial, la peroxidación lipídica y una reducción desproporcionada en las relajaciones máximas dependientes del endotelio en relación con la concentración plasmática de colesterol total. Sin embargo, las relajaciones máximas dependientes del endotelio fueron proporcionales al aumento en la pared arterial del contenido de malondialdehído.

Conclusiones

Estos resultados muestran que los valores de colesterol de la pared arterial, la peroxidación lipídica y la función endotelial no son proporcionales al grado de hipercolesterolemia, aunque la disfunción endotelial es proporcional a la extensión de la de la peroxidación lipídica en la pared del vaso.

Palabras clave:
Endotelio
Hipercolesterolemia
Oxidación LDL
Conejos
Estatinas
Relajación dependiente del endotelio
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