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Innovation in surgical technique
Transanal surgery: A tool in colorectal anastomotic leakage
La cirugía transanal como herramienta en la dehiscencia de la anastomosis colorrectal
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Pere Planellas Giné
Corresponding author
planellasp@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Júlia Gil Garcia, Ramon Farrés Coll, Antoni Codina Cazador
Sección de Cirugía Colorrectal, Departamento de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Universitario Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
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Received 20 February 2019. Accepted 14 April 2019
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Abstract

The treatment of anastomotic leakage after oncological surgery for rectal cancer is a surgical challenge. The goal of this study is to show how transanal surgery combined with the abdominal approach is a very useful tool to decide on individualized treatment depending on the degree of dehiscence and to assist us in its local management. We present three cases of patients with colorectal anastomotic dehiscence. In two, we demonstrate the treatment of acute colorectal leakage and how transanal surgery allows us to confirm its viability and rule out any underlying ischemia. Furthermore, it facilitates good drainage of the adjacent collection as well as the placement of a vacuum system, if necessary, and its subsequent replacements. The last case is a delayed dehiscence with chronic presacral sinus, and its treatment by transanal access for fenestration.

Keywords:
Rectal cancer
Transanal surgery
Anastomotic leakage
Resumen

El tratamiento de la dehiscencia de sutura después de cirugía oncológica del cáncer de recto supone un reto quirúrgico. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar como la cirugía transanal combinada con el abordaje abdominal es una herramienta muy útil para decidir el tratamiento individualizado en función del grado de dehiscencia y ayudarnos al manejo local de la misma. Presentamos tres casos de pacientes con dehiscencia de sutura colorectal. En dos de ellos se muestra el tratamiento de una dehiscencia colorectal aguda y como la cirugía transanal nos permite comprobar la viabilidad y descartar isquemia subyacente. Por otro lado, nos facilita un buen drenaje de la colección adyacente; así como si es necesaria la colocación de un sistema vaccum y de sus recambios siguientes. El último caso se trata de una dehiscencia tardía con sinus presacro crónico, y su tratamiento mediante acceso transanal para destechamiento del mismo.

Palabras-clave:
Cáncer de recto
Cirugía transanal
Dehiscencia anastomótica

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