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Presentation and Follow-up of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: Differences Between APC and MUTYH Mutations
Presentación y seguimiento de poliposis adenomatosa familiar (PAF): diferencias entre las mutaciones APC y MUTYH
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Refik Bademcia,
Corresponding author
refikbademci@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Jesús Bolloa, Teresa Ramón y Cajalb, M. Carmen Martíneza, María Pilar Hernándeza, Eduard M. Targaronaa
a División de Cirugía Colorrectal, Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
b Departamento de Oncología Médica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Received 24 January 2020. Accepted 09 April 2020
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Demographic Phenotypic and Clinical Data According to the Genetic Characteristics of the Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.
Table 2. Surgical Procedures According to the Genetic Characteristics of the Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.
Table 3. Extra-colonic Disease According to the Genetic Characteristics of the Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.
Table 4. Other Extra Colonic Disease According to the Genetic Characteristics of the Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.
Table 5. Long-term Outcomes According to the Surgical Procedures and the Genetic Characteristics of the Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.
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Abstract
Background

Familial adenomatous polyposis is described as one of the common two types of genetic disorders: APC and MUTYH gene associated polyposis syndrome and the clinical differences between the two can sometimes be unclear.

Materials and methods

A retrospective analysis and comparison was made of clinical, surgical, and histological criteria, mutation types and the long-term results of patients who underwent genetic analysis which resulted in the diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis between 1984 and 2018.

Results

Of the total 71 patients included in the study, 14 were identified with the MUTYH gene, and 57 with the APC mutation. In patients with the APC mutation, 63% had duodenal adenoma, 61% gastric polyp and 54% had desmoid tumor. Of the patients with the MUTYH mutation, 21% had duodenal adenoma and 21% were diagnosed with gastric polyps. In 21% of the patients with APC mutation, the polyp count was <100, and 64% of those with the MUTYH mutation had >100 polyps in the colon No statistical difference was determined between the groups in respect of the proportion of patients with >100 polyps.

Conclusion

The pre-operative genetic testing of patients with polyposis coli will be useful in determining the future clinical outcome and helpful in guiding an informed decision as to whether to apply surgical treatment. It is useful to determine the colonic and extra-colonic involvement of genetic mutation diseases in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Keywords:
Adenomatous polyposis coli
Familial adenomatous polyposis
MUTYH
Genetic mutation
Resumen
Antecedentes

La poliposis adenomatosa familiar (PAF) es una patología hereditaria, caracterizada por la existencia de pólipos y cáncer en el colon. La PAF se describe como uno de los dos tipos más frecuentes de trastornos genéticos: El gen adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) o el gen mutación Y homólogo (MUTYH), genes asociados con el síndrome polipoide. Muchas veces las diferencias clínicas y fenotipicas entre las dos alteraciones geneticas no estan claramente establecidas.

Materiales y métodos

Se realizó un analisis restrospectivo de las manifestaciones clinicas, criterios quirurgicos e caracteristicas histologicas, tipo de mutacion y resultados a largo plazo de pacientes diagnosticados mediante analisis genticos de poliposis adenomatosa familiar entre 1984 y 2018.

Resultados

De un total de 71 pacientes incluidos en el estudio, en 14 de ellos se identificó mutación del gen MUTYH y en 57, mutación del gen APC. A 60 pacientes se les realizó tratamiento quirúrgico, a la mitad de ellos se les practicó proctocolectomía y a la otra mitad, colectomía total. En pacientes con la mutación APC, el 63% presentó; el 61%, y el 54%, tumor desmoide. De los pacientes con la mutación del gen MUTYH, el 21% presentó y al 21% se le diagnosticó pólipos gástricos. En el 21% de los pacientes con mutación del gen APC, el número de pólipos fue inferior a 100 y en el 64% de los pacientes que presentaron mutación del gen MUTYH se observaron más de 100 pólipos en el colon. No existió diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre lo grupos respecto a la proporción de pacientes con más de 100 pólipos.

Conclusión

Es importante valorar la afectación colónica y la extracolónica en pacientes con mutaciones genéticas asociadas a la PAF.

Palabras clave:
Adenomatous polyposis coli
Poliposis adenomatosa familiar
MUTYH
Mutación genética

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