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Cirugía Española (English Edition) Sustained clinical and economic impact of sleeve gastrectomy: Beyond weight loss
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Sustained clinical and economic impact of sleeve gastrectomy: Beyond weight loss

Impacto clínico y económico sostenido de la gastrectomía vertical. Más allá de la pérdida de peso
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Ibabe Villalabeitia Atecaa,b,
Corresponding author
, Oihane Gutiérrez Grijalbaa,b, Iker Ustarroz Aguirreb,c, Maria Teresa Acaiturri Ayestab,c, Alvaro Andrés Bilbaoa,b, Gaizka Errazti Olartekoetxeaa,b,d, Aingeru Sarriugarte Lasartea,b,c,d
a Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
b IIS Biobizkaia, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
c Evaluación Económica, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
d UPV/EHU, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Obesity represents a growing public health problem with significant clinical and economic implications. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is currently the most widely performed bariatric procedure worldwide. This study evaluates its clinical effectiveness and its impact on healthcare resource utilization in a referral hospital.

Methods

Retrospective study of a prospective series of 321 patients who underwent SG between 2011 and 2020, with a minimum follow-up of five years. Anthropometric variables, comorbidities, and healthcare resource utilisation were analysed. For the economic assessment, 42 patients with complete data were included, applying a bottom-up real-costing approach. Comparisons were stratified by age, sex, and baseline BMI.

Results

The percentage of excess BMI loss at 5 years was 62.4%. Significant remission was observed in metabolic syndrome (64%), type 2 diabetes (63.5%), and hypertension (52.7%), with a lower impact on dyslipidaemia. The economic analysis showed a mean reduction of 1.6 primary care visits, 2.7 hospital visits, and an average saving of ;673 per patient per year. In multimorbid patients, savings reached ;1262 per year.

Conclusions

Sleeve gastrectomy is an effective and safe intervention, providing sustained clinical benefits and a significant reduction in healthcare expenditure, particularly among patients with multiple comorbidities. These findings support its inclusion in public health strategies aimed at ensuring the sustainability of the healthcare system.

Keywords:
Sleeve gastrectomy
Obesity
Cost-effectiveness
Healthcare resource utilization
Resumen
Introducción

La obesidad representa un problema creciente de salud pública con importantes implicaciones clínicas y económicas. La gastrectomía vertical (GV) es actualmente la técnica bariátrica más utilizada a nivel mundial. Este estudio evalúa su efectividad clínica y su impacto en el consumo de recursos sanitarios en un hospital de referencia.

Métodos

Estudio retrospectivo de una serie prospectiva de 321 pacientes sometidos a GV entre 2011 y 2020, con un seguimiento mínimo de cinco años. Se analizaron variables antropométricas, comorbilidades y consumo de recursos sanitarios. Para el análisis económico, se incluyeron 42 pacientes con datos completos, utilizando un sistema de costes reales bottom-up. Las comparaciones se realizaron por edad, sexo e IMC inicial.

Resultados

El%EIMCP a 5 años fue del 62,4%. Se observó una remisión significativa del síndrome metabólico (64%), diabetes tipo 2 (63,5%) e hipertensión (52,7%), con menor impacto en la dislipemia. El análisis económico mostró una reducción media de 1,6 consultas de atención primaria, 2,7 hospitalarias y un ahorro de 673 ;/paciente/año. En pacientes con múltiples comorbilidades, el ahorro alcanzó 1.262 ;/año.

Conclusiones

La gastrectomía vertical es una intervención eficaz y segura, con beneficios clínicos sostenidos y una reducción significativa del gasto sanitario, especialmente en pacientes con múltiples comorbilidades. Estos resultados refuerzan su inclusión en estrategias de salud pública orientadas a la sostenibilidad del sistema sanitario.

Palabras clave:
Gastrectomía vertical
Obesidad
Coste-efectividad
Consumo de recursos sanitarios
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