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Cirugía Española (English Edition) Low dose vs. standard dose and administration time in near-infrared fluorescence...
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Study protocol

Low dose vs. standard dose and administration time in near-infrared fluorescence cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Study protocol for a randomised clinical trial

Dosis reducidas vs. dosis estándar de verde de indocianina en la colangiografía fluorescente por infrarrojo cercano durante la colecistectomía laparoscópica: protocolo de ensayo clínico aleatorizado
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Jaime López-Sáncheza,b,
Corresponding author
, Esperanza López Francob, José Manuel Sánchez-Santosc, Fátima Macho Sánchez-Simónb, Beatriz Faus Díezc, María C. Esteban Velascob,c,d, Francisco Blanco Antonaa,b,d
a Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
b Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
c Departamento de Estadística, Universidad de Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain
d Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Near-infrared fluorescent cholangiography (NIFC) with indocyanine green (ICG) may optimise the outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), although a lack of consensus remains regarding the optimal dose and timing of administration. This study will evaluate the efficacy of an immediate reduced dose (0.25 mg) compared with the standard preoperative dose (2.5 mg).

Methods

Design: Phase IV, randomised, multicentre, parallel-group (1:1) clinical trial, with modified intention-to-treat analysis (EU CT Number: 2025-533535-33-00).

Identifiers: EU CT Number: 2025-533535-33-00. Version 1.1, 4 June 2025. Protocol code: Low-DOTIG.

Participants: 122 adult patients eligible for LC (elective, early or delayed urgent) who meet the inclusion criteria.

Interventions: (G1) ICG 2.5 mg administered >3 h before surgery; (G2) ICG 0.25 mg administered 15–30 min before surgery.

Primary outcomes: Rate of identification of biliary structures before and after dissection, degree of biliary visualisation, usefulness of NIFC, and interference from liver background fluorescence.

Secondary outcomes: Influence of perioperative factors, as well as the impact of NIFC on complications, operative time, and hospital stay.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has been approved by the AEMPS and the local Research Ethics Committee (CEIm) and will comply with the Declaration of Helsinki, ICH-GCP, current Spanish regulations, and data protection legislation. Results will be disseminated to the scientific community following ICMJE recommendations.

Keywords:
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Bile ducts
Cholangiography
Indocyanine green
Resumen
Introducción

La colangiografía fluorescente por infrarrojo cercano (NIFC) con verde de indocianina (ICG) puede optimizar los resultados de la colecistectomía laparoscópica (CL), aunque persiste una falta de consenso sobre la dosis y el momento óptimos de administración. Este estudio evaluará la eficacia de una dosis reducida inmediata (0,25 mg) frente a la dosis estándar preoperatoria (2,5 mg).

Métodos

Diseño: Ensayo clínico fase IV, aleatorizado, multicéntrico, paralelo (1:1), por intención de tratar modificada.

Identificadores: EU CT Number: 2025-533535-33-00. Versión 1.1 del 4 de junio de 2025. Código de protocolo: Low-DOTIG.

Participantes: 122 pacientes adultos candidatos a CL (programada, precoz o urgencia diferida) que cumplan los criterios de inclusión.

Intervenciones: (G1) ICG 2,5 mg >3 h antes de la cirugía; (G2) ICG 0,25 mg 15–30 min antes.

Variables principales: Tasa de identificación de las estructuras biliares antes y después de la disección, grado de visualización biliar, utilidad de la NIFC y perturbación del fondo hepático.

Variables secundarias: Influencia de factores perioperatorias, así como de la NIFC en complicaciones, tiempo quirúrgico y estancia hospitalaria.

Ética y diseminación

El estudio cuenta con la aprobación de AEMPS y del CEIm local, y cumplirá con la Declaración de Helsinki, ICH-GCP, normativa española vigente y protección de datos. Los resultados de difundirán a la comunidad científica siguiendo las recomendaciones del ICMJE.

Palabras clave:
Colecistectomía laparoscópica
Conductos biliares
Colangiografía
Verde de indocianina
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