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Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English Edition) Under pressure: Foveal mountain peak sign and macular hole after ruptured RAM
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Vol. 101. Issue 9.
(September 2026)
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Vol. 101. Issue 9.
(September 2026)
Clinical Case

Under pressure: Foveal mountain peak sign and macular hole after ruptured RAM

Bajo presión: signo de pico de montaña foveal y agujero macular posterior a una ruptura de un macroaneurisma arterial retiniano
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I.A. Domínguez-Varela
Corresponding author
irv_dominguez@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, M.A. López-Montoy, G.E. Enriquez-Vera
Retina Department, Asociación Para Evitar la Ceguera en México I.A.P. “Dr. Luis Sánchez Bulnes”, Mexico City, Mexico
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Abstract

To describe a case of a macular hole (MH) secondary to a submacular hemorrhage caused by a ruptured retinal arterial macroaneursym (RAM). An individual case and its observations were examined. Initial examination revealed no visible MH due to the hemorrhagic clot. Two weeks later, a full-thickness MH measuring 340 μm was detected. Pneumatic displacement with sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) was performed to reduce hemorrhagic toxicity and potentially promote spontaneous closure. However, after three months, the MH persisted with no evidence of closure, and visual acuity remained reduced (20/150). The Foveal mountain peak sign (FMP) was identified as a useful predictive indicator of MH formation. MHs secondary to ruptured RAMs and submacular hemorrhages may be initially obscured by hemorrhagic clots, complicating early diagnosis. The FMP sign can aid in predicting MH development. Given the risk of persistent MH and visual impairment, especially when the RAM rupture is close to the fovea (<1500 μm), early surgical intervention should be considered.

Keywords:
Foveal mountain peak sign
Retinal arterial macroaneurysm
Macular hole
Retina
Resumen

Describir un caso de agujero macular (AM) secundario a una hemorragia submacular causada por la ruptura de un macroaneurisma arterial retiniano (MAR). El examen inicial no reveló un AM visible debido al coágulo hemorrágico. Dos semanas después, se detectó un AM de espesor completo que medía 340 μm. Se realizó desplazamiento neumático con hexafluoruro de azufre (SF6) para reducir la toxicidad hemorrágica y potencialmente promover el cierre espontáneo. Sin embargo, después de tres meses, el AM persistió sin evidencia de cierre, y la agudeza visual permaneció reducida (20/150). El signo de pico de montaña foveal “Foveal mountain peak” (FMP) se identificó como un indicador predictivo útil para la formación del AM. Los AM secundarios a la ruptura de MAR y hemorragias submaculares pueden estar inicialmente ocultos por coágulos hemorrágicos, lo que complica el diagnóstico temprano. El signo FMP puede ayudar a predecir el desarrollo de AM. Dado el riesgo de persistencia del AM y el deterioro visual, especialmente cuando la ruptura del MAR está cerca de la fóvea (<1,500 μm), se debe considerar una intervención quirúrgica temprana.

Palabras clave:
Signo de pico de montaña foveal
Macroaneurisma arterial retiniano
Agujero macular
Retina

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