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Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English Edition) Tocilizumab and azathioprine in the management of refractory macular edema assoc...
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Clinical Case

Tocilizumab and azathioprine in the management of refractory macular edema associated with Behçet's disease: clinical experience

Tocilizumab y azatioprina en el manejo del edema macular refractario asociado a Behçet: experiencia clínica
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F.J. Barroso Péreza,
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fjbarrosop@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, P. Bañeros Rojasa, C. De la Cruz Tapiadorb
a Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, Glorieta del Ejército, 1, 28047, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, Glorieta del Ejército, 1, 28047, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract

A 32-year-old man of Maghrebi origin consulted for visual loss in both eyes (OU) with recurrent oral ulcers and erythematous lesions. The examination revealed panuveitis in the right eye, posterior uveitis in the left eye and cystic macular edema (CME) in OU. Along with mucocutaneous lesions and the presence of HLA B51 positive suggested a diagnosis of Behçet's disease. He was initially treated with pulses of Methylprednisolone followed by oral Prednisone and Azathioprine (AZA). Given the insufficient control, Adalimumab (ADA) was added. Due to the lack of visual improvement and worsening of the CME, it was decided to switch from ADA to Tocilizumab (TCZ) at a dose of 8 mg/kg/month. After three years of follow-up, he remained stable at the systemic and ocular levels with AZA and TCZ, and oral corticosteroids were discontinued.

In cases where signs of ocular activity persist, a change in biological therapeutic target should be considered, with Tocilizumab being a beneficial option.

Keywords:
Behçet's disease
Uveitis
Tocilizumab
Azathioprine
Cystoid macular edema
Resumen

Varón magrebí de 32 años que consultó por pérdida de visión en ambos ojos (AO) con úlceras orales recidivantes y lesiones eritematosas. La exploración reveló panuveítis en ojo derecho, uveítis posterior en ojo izquierdo y edema macular quístico (EMQ) en AO. Junto con las lesiones mucocutáneas y la presencia de HLA B51 positivo sugirieron el diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Behçet. Inicialmente fue tratado con pulsos de Metilprednisolona seguidos de Prednisona y Azatioprina (AZA) orales. Ante el insuficiente control se asoció Adalimumab (ADA). Debido a la no mejoría visual y empeoramiento del EMQ se decidió cambiar el ADA por Tocilizumab (TCZ) a dosis de 8 mg/kg/mes. Tras tres años de seguimiento se mantuvo estable a nivel sistémico y ocular con AZA y TCZ, suspendiéndose el corticoide oral.

En los casos que persistan signos de actividad ocular, debe considerarse un cambio de diana terapéutica biológica, siendo el Tocilizumab una opción beneficiosa.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de behçet
Uveítis
Tocilizumab
Azatioprina
Edema macular quístico

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