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Inicio Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition) Prevalence of metabolic acidosis in ileal diversions more than one year after ra...
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Vol. 47. Issue 8.
Pages 494-502 (October 2023)
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Vol. 47. Issue 8.
Pages 494-502 (October 2023)
Original article
Prevalence of metabolic acidosis in ileal diversions more than one year after radical cystectomy and associated secondary metabolic effects
Prevalencia de acidosis metabólica en derivaciones ileales tras más de un año de la cistectomía radical y repercusiones metabólicas secundarias asociadas
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A. Domínguez Garcíaa,
Corresponding author
adominguez@tauli.cat

Corresponding author.
, C. Centeno Álvareza, J. Muñoz Rodrígueza, T. Bonfill Abellab, M. Capdevila Gonzaloa, L. de Verdonces Romana, O. Mayordomo Ferrera, P. Azuara Invernona, E. Casado Burgosc, J. Prats Lópeza, X. Serra Aracild
a Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
d Servicio de Cirugía General y digestive, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the patients.
Table 2. Venous blood values obtained from patients.
Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors related to the occurrence of metabolic acidosis in ileal diversions at more than one year of follow-up.
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Abstract
Introduction and objective

Metabolic acidosis (MA) is a well-known complication in patients with ileal urinary diversions. It is common in the early postoperative stages and decreases over time. Our objective is to investigate the prevalence of MA after more than one year of follow-up, identify the associated risk factors, and analyze its secondary metabolic consequences.

Materials and methods

We conducted an observational study between January 2018 and September 2022 following the STROBE guidelines. MA was defined as a serum bicarbonate level ​​<22mEq/L. Finally, we analyzed 133 patients with a mean follow-up of 55.24 ± 42.36 months.

Results

MA was observed in 16 (12%) patients. Patients with and without MA were comparable in age, sex, and follow-up time. The group with MA presented a higher rate of anemia (68,75% vs 19,65%, p < 0.001) and renal failure (100% vs 45,29%, p < 0.001), statistically significant higher levels of serum creatinine, chloride, potassium, parathyroid hormone, and phosphorus but lower serum values ​​of hemoglobin, renal glomerular filtration rate, total cholesterol, vitamin D, calcium, and albumin (all p < 0.05).

Renal glomerular filtration rate was the only independent risk factor related to the development of MA (OR 0.914; 95% CI 0.878−0.95; p < 0.0001), proving a close correlation with venous bicarbonate values ​​(r = 0.387, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

MA is a little prevalent disorder in ileal urinary diversions more than one year after radical cystectomy is performed but it has secondary consequences on hematologic, renal, protein, lipid, and bone metabolism. We recommend to a close follow-up in patients with renal failure for early diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
Metabolic acidosis
Urinary diversion
Radical cystectomy
Bladder tumor
Metabolic consequences
Renal failure
Resumen
Introducción y objetivo

La acidosis metabólica (AM) es una alteración conocida en pacientes con derivaciones ileales. Es más frecuente en etapas tempranas postoperatorias y disminuye con el tiempo. Nuestro objetivo es determinar su prevalencia tras más de un año de seguimiento, analizar sus factores de riesgo y evaluar su impacto en diferentes perfiles metabólicos.

Materiales y métodos

Realizamos un estudio observacional entre enero de 2018 y septiembre de 2022 siguiendo las normas STROBE. La AM fue definida con valores de bicarbonato venoso <22mEq/L. Analizamos 133 pacientes con una media de seguimiento de 55.24 ± 42.36 meses.

Resultados

Se identificaron 16 (12%) pacientes con AM. Los pacientes con y sin AM fueron comparables en edad, sexo y tiempo de seguimiento. El grupo con AM presentó una mayor tasa de anemia (68,75% vs. 19,65%, p < 0.001) e insuficiencia renal (100% vs. 45,29%, p < 0.001) y niveles venosos estadísticamente significativos mayores de creatinina, cloro, potasio, hormona paratiroidea y fósforo, pero menores valores de hemoglobina, filtrado glomerular, colesterol total, vitamina D, calcio y albúmina (todos p < 0.05).

El filtrado glomerular fue el único factor de riesgo independiente relacionado con la AM (OR 0.914; 95% IC 0.878−0.95; p < 0,0001), demostrando una estrecha correlación con los valores de bicarbonato venoso (r = 0.387, p < 0.001).

Conclusiones

La AM es una alteración poco prevalente en derivaciones urinarias ileales transcurrido más de un año de la cistectomía, pero tiene implicaciones en el metabolismo hematológico, renal, proteico, lipídico y óseo. Aconsejamos su monitorización en pacientes con insuficiencia renal para poder realizar un diagnóstico y tratamientos precoces.

Palabras clave:
Acidosis metabólica
Derivación urinaria
Cistectomía radical
Tumor vesical
Alteraciones metabólicas
Insuficiencia renal

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