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Journal Information
Vol. 36. Issue 3.
Pages 160-164 (March 2012)
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Vol. 36. Issue 3.
Pages 160-164 (March 2012)
Original article
Partial elective nephrectomy
Nefrectomía parcial electiva
Visits
1183
E. Zungri
Corresponding author
diegoleal10@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, L. Martínez, D. Leal, L. Lorenzo
Servicio de Urología, Hospital POVISA, Vigo, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (3)
Table 1. Tumor size in relation to benignancy and pT category.
Table 2. Tumor size according to CT and pathological study.
Table 3. Tumor size according to CT and DMSA value.
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Abstract
Introduction

Partial nephrectomy is widely accepted as a therapeutic modality in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients with single kidney, bilateral tumor or deteriorated renal function. Currently, long-term survival studies have consolidated partial nephrectomy as the treatment of choice for RCC in selected patients with normal contralateral kidney.

Material and methods

Between July 1990 and January 2008, a total of 102 partial nephrectomies were performed on 100 patients with pre-operative ultrasonography diagnosis of renal carcinoma in 94 cases and complex renal cysts in 6 cases. The pre-operative ultrasonography size varied from 1.5 to 10cm with an average of 4.85cm.

Results

Tumor size was correlated with the pathological stage, finding tumors in stage pT1 with sizes smaller than and greater than 4cm in 74% and 64%, respectively, and in stage pT2 of 3.7% and 5.4%. Tumor size measured by pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan was compared with the definitive size of the pathology specimen in 93 cases (564cm and 37>4cm, according to the CT scan). We found high concordance; however, in the larger tumors, there was a tendency of the CT scan to overestimate the size. A post-operative gamma scintigraphy with DMSA (Dimercaptosuccinic Acid) was performed in 40 patients. The values in the tumors4cm (21 patients) were 12–77% (average 43.3%). In tumors between 4 and 7cm (17 patients), the values were 13.8–53.3% (average 37.6%) and in 2 cases of tumors>7cm the post-operative DMSA showed 47.5% and 51%.

Conclusions

Partial nephrectomy is currently accepted as elective treatment in incidental kidney tumors smaller than 4cm and it is indicated increasingly more frequently in larger tumors and of central localization. The finding of benign pathology in the anatomic-pathology specimen in up to 20% of the incidental renal tumors and low potential of malignancy of the possible satellite lesions in the remnant kidney also support nephron-spearing surgery in these tumors.

Keywords:
Kidney
Carcinoma
Partial nephrectomy
Resumen
Introducción

La nefrectomía parcial es ampliamente aceptada como modalidad terapéutica en el carcinoma de células renales (CCR) en pacientes monorrenos, tumores bilaterales o con compromiso de la función renal. Actualmente, los estudios de supervivencia a largo plazo han consolidado la nefrectomía parcial como tratamiento de elección del CCR en pacientes seleccionados con riñón contralateral normal.

Material y métodos

Entre julio de 1990 y enero de 2008 se realizaron 102 nefrectomías parciales sobre 100 pacientes con diagnóstico preoperatorio tomográfico de cáncer renal en 94 casos y quistes renales complejos en 6 casos. El tamaño tumoral tomográfico preoperatorio varió entre 1,5 y 10cm con un promedio de 4,85cm.

Resultados

Se correlacionó el tamaño tumoral con el estadio patológico, encontrando tumores en estadio pT1 con tamaños menores y mayores de 4cm en el 74 y 64%, respectivamente, en tanto que para estadio pT2 fue de 3,7 y 5,4%. El tamaño tumoral medido por tomografía computarizada (TC) preoperatoria se comparó con el tamaño definitivo de la pieza de anatomía patológica en 93 casos (564cm y 37>4cm, según TC). Encontramos alta concordancia, pero en los tumores mayores existe una tendencia a que la TC sobreestime el tamaño. Se realizó centellograma renal con DMSA posoperatorio a 40 pacientes, los valores en los tumores4cm (21 pacientes) fueron 12-77% (promedio 43,3%), entre 4 y 7cm (17 pacientes) el valor fue 13,8-53,3% (promedio 37,6%) y en dos casos de tumores>7cm el DMSA posoperatorio mostró 47,5 y 51%.

Conclusiones

La nefrectomía parcial se acepta actualmente como tratamiento electivo en tumores renales incidentales menores de 4cm, y sus indicaciones son cada vez más frecuentes en tumores mayores y de localización central. El hallazgo de patología benigna en la pieza de anatomía patológica en hasta un 20% en los tumores renales incidentales, y el bajo potencial de malignidad de las posibles lesiones satélites en el riñón remanente, avalan también la cirugía preservadora de nefronas en estos tumores.

Palabras clave:
Riñón
Carcinoma
Nefrectomía parcial

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