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Vol. 42. Issue 9.
Pages 557-566 (November 2018)
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Vol. 42. Issue 9.
Pages 557-566 (November 2018)
Review article
Efficacy of hypopressive abdominal gymnastics in rehabilitating the pelvic floor of women: A systematic review
Eficacia de la gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva en la rehabilitación del suelo pélvico de las mujeres: revisión sistemática
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R. Ruiz de Viñaspre Hernández
Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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Table 1. Databases and search strategies for articles on the effectiveness of hypopressive abdominal gymnastics.
Table 2. Studies included in the review.
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Abstract
Background

Hypopressive abdominal gymnastics has been proposed as a new paradigm in rehabilitating the pelvic floor. Its claims contraindicate the recommendation for pelvic floor muscle training during the postpartum period.

Objective

To determine whether hypopressive abdominal gymnastics is more effective than pelvic floor muscle training or other alternative conservative treatments for rehabilitating the pelvic floor.

Methods

We consulted the databases of the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), the Cochrane Library, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), PubMed, Scopus, Trip Database and Web of Science. We selected systematic reviews, clinical trials and analytical studies that assessed the efficacy of hypopressive abdominal gymnastics in women. The measured outcomes were the strengthening of the pelvic floor muscles, the incidence of urine incontinence or prolapse and symptom remission.

We included 4 clinical trials, whose quality was measured with the PEDro scale.

Results

Hypopressive gymnastics is less effective than pelvic floor muscle training for activating pelvic floor muscles, achieving closure of the levator hiatus of the anus and increasing pelvic floor muscle thickness, strength and resistance.

Practical implication

The evidence reviewed does not support the recommendation for hypopressive abdominal gymnastics for strengthening the pelvic floor either during the postpartum period or outside that period. Pelvic floor muscle training remains the first-line treatment for pelvic floor dysfunction.

Conclusion

There is a lack of quality clinical trials that have evaluated the efficacy of hypopressive abdominal gymnastics.

Keywords:
Hypopressive
Pelvic floor muscles
Pelvic floor dysfunction
Resumen
Antecedentes

La gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva se propone como un nuevo paradigma en la rehabilitación del suelo pélvico. Sus postulados contradicen la recomendación del entrenamiento muscular del suelo pélvico en el posparto.

Objetivo

Conocer si la gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva es más eficaz que el entrenamiento muscular del suelo pélvico u otros tratamientos conservadores alternativos para la rehabilitación del suelo pélvico.

Métodos

Las bases de datos consultadas fueron Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), the Cochrane Library, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), PEDro, PubMed, Scopus, Trip Database y Web of Science. Se seleccionaron revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos o estudios analíticos que evaluasen la eficacia de la gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva en mujeres. Los resultados medidos fueron: el fortalecimiento de la musculatura del suelo pélvico, la incidencia de incontinencia de orina o prolapso o la remisión de los síntomas.

Se incluyeron 4 ensayos clínicos; su calidad se midió con la escala PEDro.

Resultados

La gimnasia hipopresiva es menos eficaz que el entrenamiento muscular del suelo pélvico para activar los músculos del suelo pélvico, lograr el cierre de hiato del elevador del ano e incrementar el grosor muscular, la fuerza y la resistencia del suelo pélvico.

Implicación práctica

La evidencia revisada no apoya la recomendación de la gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva para el fortalecimiento del suelo pélvico ni en el posparto ni fuera de él. El entrenamiento muscular del suelo pélvico se mantiene como primera línea de tratamiento en las disfunciones del suelo pélvico.

Conclusión

Faltan ensayos clínicos de calidad que evalúen la eficacia de la gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva.

Palabras clave:
Hipopresivos
Músculos del suelo pélvico
Disfunciones del suelo pélvico

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