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Vol. 40. Issue 5.
Pages 317-321 (June 2016)
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Vol. 40. Issue 5.
Pages 317-321 (June 2016)
Original article
The martyrdom of St. Zoilus, a urological issue. History and development of the tradition
El martirio de San Zoilo, una cuestión urológica. Historia y desarrollo de su tradición
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F. Domínguez-Freire
Servicio de Urología, Hospital Comarcal do Salnés, Villagarcía de Arosa, Spain
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Abstract
Objectives

To highlight, for its urological importance, the martyrdom of St. Zoilus. To elaborate on the tradition of invocation and worship of the saint and to establish their historical bases.

Material and methods

We conducted a study of the images of the martyrdom of St. Zoilus, with a detailed review of the history and tradition of the saint and performed a comparative study of the various saints known as patrons of kidney pain and disease.

Result

We found three paintings in different churches and locations depicting the kidney extraction of St. Zoilus. In addition to these three pieces, a preserved chest at the National Archaeological Museum and 2 tapestries in the sacristy of the church of the monastery of St. Zoilus in the Palencian town of Carrion de los Condes provided abundant information on the circumstances in which they were made. By analysing the style, we can deduce its affiliation to a specific artistic milieu and thereby propose a timeframe.

Conclusion

Without meaning to dethrone St. Liborius as the patron saint of urologists, an office claimed earlier by colleagues from various European countries, the martyrdom of St. Zoilus is, in light of the tradition and images provided, an unquestionable urological issue. The tradition is vindicated from a new viewpoint 1712 years later.

Keywords:
History of urology
St. Zoilus
Urological martyrdom
Resumen
Objetivos

Poner de manifiesto, por su interés urológico, el martirio de San Zoilo. Desarrollar la tradición sobre la advocación y culto al Santo y sentar la base histórica de la misma.

Material y métodos

Estudio de la iconografía encontrada sobre el martirio de San Zoilo, repaso pormenorizado de la historia y tradición del mismo y estudio comparativo de los distintos santos reconocidos como abogados del dolor o males de los riñones.

Resultado

Encontramos 3 cuadros en distintas iglesias y localidades en los que se representa la extracción de los riñones a San Zoilo. Además el hallazgo de 3 piezas, una arqueta conservada en el Museo Arqueológico Nacional y 2 telares conservados en la sacristía de la Iglesia del Monasterio de San Zoilo, en la localidad palentina de Carrión de los Condes, proporcionan abundante información sobre las circunstancias en que fueron realizadas. De su análisis estilístico podemos deducir su filiación a un ambiente artístico concreto y proponer, en consecuencia, un marco cronológico.

Conclusión

Sin intención de destronar a San Liborio como patrón de los urólogos, cargo reivindicado con anterioridad por compañeros desde distintos países europeos, el martirio de San Zoilo es a la luz de la tradición e iconografía aportada indudablemente una cuestión urológica. Reivindicada queda la tradición desde un nuevo punto de vista 1.712 años después.

Palabras clave:
Historia de la urología
San Zoilo
Martirio urológico

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