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Vol. 36. Issue 5.
Pages 296-301 (May 2012)
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Vol. 36. Issue 5.
Pages 296-301 (May 2012)
Original article
State of acute phase markers and oxidative stress in patients with kidney stones in the urinary tract
Estado de los marcadores de fase aguda y estrés oxidativo en los enfermos con litiasis de la vía urinaria
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J. Carrasco-Valientea,
Corresponding author
juliacv83@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, F.J. Anglada-Curadoa, P. Aguilar-Melerob, R. González-Ojedab, J. Muntané-Relatb, F.J. Padillo-Ruizc, M.J. Requena-Tapiaa
a Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Urología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
b Unidad de Experimentación Hepática, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
c Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Acute phase markers and cell damage. Comparison study group vs. control group.
Table 2. Oxidative stress markers. Comparison study group vs. control group.
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Abstract
Objective

This present study has aimed to assess the state of acute phase markers and oxida-tive stress in patients with kidney stones.

Material and methods

A prospective study was carried out on 100 patients with kidney stones and 25 healthy controls. Albumin, β2microglobulin, gamma-glutamyl transpepsidase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated as acute phase markers and lipid peroxidation products, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels acted as oxidative stress markers.

Results

An increase in renal cell damage markers as expressed by the β2microglobulin (p=0.04), albumin (p=0.004), LDH (p=0.001) and Gamma glutamyl trans-pepsidasa (p=0.01) was observed in the patient group. There was a direct correlation between levels of β2microglobulin and stone size (r=0.3, p=0.03). The association between stone size and cytokine activation was observed to be stronger in patients with staghorn calculi. In these patients, TNF-α (p=0.011), IL-1 (p=0.004) and IL-6 (p=0.004) were significantly higher. Patients with stones in the urinary tract showed data of significantly higher oxidative stress, expressed as an increase in levels of lipid peroxidation products (p=0.03) and a decrease in the antioxidant activity of SOD (p=0.03) and GPx (p=0.002).

Conclusions

Patients undergoing urolithiasis showed an elevation of acute phase markers, associated with oxidative stress as expressed by an increase in lipid peroxidation products and a decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activity.

Keywords:
Nephrolithiasis
Kidney glomerulus
Oxidative stress
Resumen
Objetivo

El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar el estado de los marcadores de fase aguda y de estrés oxidativo en enfermos con litiasis renal.

Material y métodos

Estudio prospectivo en enfermos con litiasis renal. Se incluyeron 100 enfermos y 25 controles sanos. Se evaluaron como marcadores de fase aguda: albúmina, ß2microglobulina, gamma-glutamil transpepsidasa, lactato deshidrogenasa, factor de necrosis tumoral alfa, interleucina 1 e interleucina 6 y como marcadores de estrés oxidativo los niveles de lipoperóxidos, superóxido dismutasa y glutatión peroxidasa.

Resultados

En los enfermos estudiados se apreció un incremento de los marcadores de da¿no celular renal expresado por la ß2microglobulina (p = 0,04), albúmina (p = 0,004), lac-tato deshidrogenasa (p = 0,001), así como gamma-glutamil transpepsidasa (p = 0,01). Existió una correlación directa entre los niveles de ß2microglobulina con el tama¿no de la litiasis (r = 0,3; p = 0,03). La asociación entre la extensión del cálculo y la activación de las citoquinas se apre-ció de forma más intensa en los enfermos con cálculos coraliformes en los que las cifras de factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (p = 0,011), interleucina 1 (p = 0,004) e interleucina 6 (p = 0,004) fueron significativamente mayores. Los enfermos con litiasis de la vía urinaria presentaron cifras significativamente elevadas de radicales libres en plasma, expresados como lipoperóxi-dos (p = 0,03), que se acompa¿naron de un descenso en la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes superóxido dismutasa (p = 0.03) y glutatión peroxidasa (p = 0,002).

Conclusiones

Los pacientes con litiasis urinaria presentan una elevación de los marcadores de fase aguda, asociada a un incremento de especies reactivas del oxígeno y un descenso en la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes.

Palabras clave:
Litiasis renal
Da¿no glomerular
Estrés oxidativo

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