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Vol. 39. Issue 5.
Pages 271-278 (June 2015)
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Vol. 39. Issue 5.
Pages 271-278 (June 2015)
Special article
Developments in urologic oncology ‘OncoForum’: The best of 2014
Avances en uro-oncología «OncoForum»: lo mejor de 2014
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136
F. Gómez-Veigaa,
Corresponding author
fgveiga@telefonica.net

Corresponding author.
, A. Alcaraz-Asensiob, J. Burgos-Revillac, J. Cózar-Olmod
a Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
b Servicio de Urología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Urología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
d Servicio de Urología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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Figures (2)
Tables (5)
Table 1. Analysis of the increased benefit of cytoreductive nephrectomy in relation to life expectancy.7
Table 2. Stratification of risk of recurrence and progression of Ta and T1 bladder cancer as rated by the EAU.10
Table 3. Prediction of risk of metastasis in a subgroup of patients with PSA≥2ng/ml with conventional PSA test and the test of the 4 kallikreins.17
Table 4. Docetaxel-estramustine in high-risk localized prostate cancer (M0): results of the GETUG 12 study.28
Table 5. Increased survival with RP versus active surveillance in patients with clinically advanced prostate cancer.32
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Abstract
Objective

To review the latest evidence on the oncologic urology of prostate, renal and bladder tumors, analyzing their impact on daily clinical practice and the future medium to long-term regimens.

Methods

We review the abstracts on prostate, renal and bladder cancer presented at the 2014 congresses (European Association of Urology, American Urological Association, American Society of Clinical Oncology and American Society for Radiation Oncology) that received the best evaluations by the OncoForum committee.

Results

The committee considered the following messages important: cytoreductive nephrectomy followed by treatment with a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor can significantly increase the overall survival of patients with metastatic renal cancer; for advanced bladder cancer, early adjuvant chemotherapy after cystectomy is preferable because it significantly increases progression-free survival; and several studies have shown that multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and fusion imaging improve the diagnosis of prostate cancer and provide greater possibilities for placing patients in the appropriate risk group in order to offer them the best treatment possible. The results of the PREVAIL study have demonstrated the efficacy of enzalutamide on the overall survival of men with castration-resistant prostate cancer and metastases, with no prior chemotherapy. The study also demonstrated the drug's favorable safety profile.

Conclusions

Progress is continuing in renal and bladder cancer, improving the approach and clinical results with current therapeutic options. There is constant progress in castration-resistant prostate cancer; in 2014, prechemotherapy treatments were consolidated.

Keywords:
Prostate cancer
Bladder cancer
Renal cancer
Urologic oncology
Oncologic urology
Resumen
Objetivo

Conocer las últimas evidencias sobre urología oncológica de tumores de próstata, riñón y vejiga, analizando su impacto en la práctica clínica diaria, además de los esquemas futuros a medio y largo plazo.

Métodos

Se revisan los resúmenes sobre cáncer de próstata, renal y de vejiga presentados en los congresos del año 2014 (EAU, AUA, ASCO y ASTRO) que recibieron mayor valoración por parte del comité del OncoForum.

Resultados

El comité consideró importantes los siguientes mensajes: en pacientes con cáncer renal metastásico, la nefrectomía citorreductora seguida de tratamiento con un inhibidor de tirosina cinasa puede aumentar significativamente la supervivencia global; en cáncer de vejiga avanzado es preferible la quimioterapia adyuvante de forma precoz tras la cistectomía, porque aumenta significativamente la supervivencia libre de progresión; en cáncer de próstata, varios estudios muestran que la resonancia magnética multiparamétrica y la fusión de imágenes mejoran el diagnóstico y proporcionan mayores posibilidades de ajustar a los pacientes en el grupo de riesgo adecuado para ofrecerles el mejor tratamiento posible. Los resultados del estudio PREVAIL han demostrado la eficacia de enzalutamida sobre la supervivencia global en varones con cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración sin tratamiento previo con quimioterapia, con metástasis con un perfil de seguridad favorable.

Conclusiones

En cáncer renal y de vejiga se continúa avanzando para mejorar el abordaje y los resultados clínicos con las opciones terapéuticas actuales. En cáncer de próstata resistente a castración existe una constante evolución, y en el año 2014 se han consolidado tratamientos previos a la quimioterapia.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de próstata
Cáncer de vejiga
Cáncer renal
Uro-oncología
Onco-urología

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