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Inicio Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Situación actual de las resistencias a antibióticos en infecciones amigdalares
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Vol. 57. Issue 4.
Pages 171-175 (April 2006)
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Vol. 57. Issue 4.
Pages 171-175 (April 2006)
Situación actual de las resistencias a antibióticos en infecciones amigdalares
Present situation of antibiotic resistances in tonsillar infections
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D. Piédrola Maroto1
Corresponding author
david.piedrola@terra.es

Correspondencia: David Piédrola Maroto Unidad de ORL. Hospital Costa del Sol. Ctra. Nacional 340, Km 187. 29600 Marbella. Málaga
, E. Monje Vega, J.C. Casado Morente, V. Povedano Rodríguez, E. Fernández Ruiz, M. Conde Jiménez
Unidad de ORL
N. Montiel Quezel*, I. López Rodríguez*
Unidad de Microbiología. Hospital Costa del Sol. Marbella. Málaga
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Article information
Resumen
Objetivo

Obtener los principales microorganismos y resistencias a antibióticos en infecciones amigdalares.

Material y métodos

Realizamos un estudio microbiológico con antibiograma de amígdalas palatinas postquirúrgicas.

Resultados

Los microorganismos más aislados han sido el Staphylococcus aureus (29,3%) seguido del Streptococcus pyogenes (23,4%), y del Haemophilus influenzae (12,1%). Las mayores resistencias fueron para el S. aureus (91% a la penicilina, 18% a la eritromicina y un 5% al resto de ß-lactámicos), seguido del H. influenzae (50% a la claritromicina, 30% a la amoxicilina y 2% a cefalosporinas) y por último el S. pyogenes (28% a la eritromicina, 10% a la clindamicina y 3% a la penicilina).

Conclusiones

Destacamos la mínima resistencia encontrada a las cefalosporinas por lo que parece ser el grupo antibiótico más seguro, excepto en los niños menores de 5 años en los cuales la amoxicilina sigue siendo de primera elección dado que están provocadas por S. pyogenes sensibles a dicho antibiótico.

Palabras clave:
Amigdalitis
Sensibilidad
Resistencia
Penicilina
Eritromicina
Cefalosporinas
Abstract
Objective

To obtain the main responsible organisms, its sensitivity and resistances to antibiotics in tonsillitis.

Material and methods

We have studied the post-surgical tonsils, carrying out a microbiologic study, its culture and sensitivity.

Results

The most frequent isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (29.3%), followed by Streptococcus pyogenes (23.4%), and Haemophilus influenzae (12.1%). The highest resistances were for the S. aureus (penicillin 91%, erythromycin 18% and 5% to the rest of the ß-lactams), followed by H. influenzae (50% clarithromycin, 30% amoxycillin and 2% cephalosporins) and S. pyogenes (28% erytromycin, 10% clindamycin and 3% penicillin).

Conclusions

We noticed the minimal resistance found to cephalosporins, and for this reason they appear to be the safest option, except in children under five years old, in which amoxicillin is still the first line treatment, because the causative agent is S. pyogenes, sensitive to that antibiotic.

Key words:
Tonsillitis
Susceptibility
Resistance
Penicillin
Erytromycin
Cephalosporins

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