TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of analgesia, sedation, physical restraint and delirium in patients admitted to Spanish intensive care units. Proyecto ASCyD JO - Enfermería Intensiva (English Edition) T2 - AU - Arias-Rivera,S. AU - López-López,C. AU - Frade-Mera,M.J. AU - Via-Clavero,G. AU - Rodríguez-Mondéjar,J.J. AU - Sánchez-Sánchez,M.M. AU - Acevedo-Nuevo,M. AU - Gil-Castillejos,D. AU - Robleda,G. AU - Cachón-Pérez,,M. AU - Latorre-Marco,I. SN - 25299840 M3 - 10.1016/j.enfie.2018.11.003 DO - 10.1016/j.enfie.2018.11.003 UR - https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-enfermeria-intensiva-english-edition--430-articulo-assessment-analgesia-sedation-physical-restraint-S2529984020300021 AB - AimsMain aim: to discover the Spanish intensive care units (ICU) that assess and record pain levels, sedation/agitation, delirium and the use of physical restraint (PR) as standard practice. MethodAn observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective and multicentre study using an ad hoc survey with online access that consisted of 2 blocks. Block I: with questions on the unit’s characteristics and routine practice; Block II: aspects of direct care and direct assessments of patients admitted to participating units. ResultsOne hundred and fifty-eight units and 1574 patients participated. The pain of communicative patients (CP) was assessed and recorded as standard in 109 units (69%), the pain of non-communicative patients (NCP) in 84 (53%), sedation/agitation in 111 (70%), and delirium in 39 units (25%). Validated scales were used to assess the pain of CP in 139 units (88%), of NCP in 102 (65%), sedation/agitation in 145 (92%), delirium in 53 units (34%). In 33 units (21%) pain, sedation/agitation and delirium of PC and NPC was assessed, and in 8 of these units there was a specific PR protocol and register. Among the patients who could be assessed, an absence of pain was reported in 57%, moderate pain in 27%; 48% were calm and collaborative, and 10% agitated; 21% had PR, and 12.6% of the patients had delirium. ConclusionsThe assessment of pain, sedation and delirium is demonstrated, and low percentages of agitation and delirium achieved. We observed a high percentage of patients with pain, and moderate use of PC. We should generalise the use of protocols to assess, prevent and treat pain and delirium by appropriately managing analgesia, sedation, and individual and well-considered use of PC ER -