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Vol. 74. Núm. 6.
Páginas 334-339 (Diciembre 2003)
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Vol. 74. Núm. 6.
Páginas 334-339 (Diciembre 2003)
Acceso a texto completo
Estudio de los alelos HLA-C en el bocio multinodular
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Antonio Ríosa,1
Autor para correspondencia
ARZRIOS@teleline.es

Correspondencia: Dr. A. Ríos. Avda. de la Libertad, 208. 30007 Casillas. Murcia. España.
, José Manuel Rodrígueza, María Rosa Moyab, Pedro José Galindoaa, Manuel Canterasc, María Rocío Álvarezb, Pascual Parrillaa
a Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo I. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia.
b Servicio de Inmunología. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia.
c Departamento de Bioestadística. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia. España.
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Resumen
Introducción

Clásicamente, el bocio multinodular ha sido considerado una enfermedad tiroidea no autoinmune. Sin embargo, en la actualidad su origen sigue siendo incierto y existen varias alteraciones inmunológicas que no permiten descartarlo. El objetivo es determinar si existe alguna asociación entre el bocio multinodular y los alelos HLA-C.

Pacientes y método

Se realiza la tipificación de los genes HLA-C mediante la técnica de biología molecular PCR-SSP en 90 bocios multinodulares intervenidos quirúrgicamente. Como grupo control se utilizó una muestra de 100 controles caucasianos sanos no relacionados representativos de la población. Las variables analizadas son la edad, el sexo, los antecedentes familiares de enfermedad tiroidea, la clínica del paciente, la gradación clínica del bocio, el componente intratorácico tiroideo, el peso del tiroides y el carcinoma asociado. Para el análisis estadístico se han utilizado el test de la ?2 y la corrección de Bonferroni.

Resultados

Se observa una menor frecuencia del alelo HLA-Cw4 en el bocio multinodular (15,5 frente a 8,3%; p = 0,0012), con un riesgo relativo de 0,49 (0,9- 0,26). Al analizar las distintas variables clínicas, la asociación más importante es la ausencia del alelo Cw4 con la presencia de bocios con componente intratorácico (p = 0,0012) y con la presencia de bocios de más de 200 g (p = 0,0233).También se observa una asociación entre la presencia del alelo Cw7 y los antecedentes familiares de enfermedad tiroidea, y entre la presencia de un carcinoma asociado y el alelo Cw1.

Conclusiones

El HLA-Cw4 se comporta como un alelo protector contra el desarrollo del bocio multinodular, pues no sólo aparece con menor frecuencia en la población con esta enfermedad sino que las personas que presentan este alelo desarrollan bocios más pequeños y sin componente intratorácico.

Palabras clave:
Bocio multinodular
HLA
Etiopatogenia
HLA-Cw4
HLA-Cw1
HLA-Cw7
Introduction

Classically, multinodular goiter (MG) has been considered a nonimmune thyroid disease. However, currently its etiology remains uncertain and several immunological alterations indicate that an autoimmune etiology cannot be ruled out. The aim of the present study was to determine whether there is an association between MG and HLA-C alleles.

Patients and method

typing for hla-c using the molecular biology technique of sequence specific primers (pcr-ssp) was performed in 90 patients with mg who underwent surgery. the control group was composed of 100 healthy, unrelated caucasians, representative of the population. the variables analyzed were age, sex, family history of thyroid disease, symptomatology, clinical degree of the goiter, intrathoracic thyroid component, thyroid weight, and associated carcinoma. statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and bonferroni’s correction.

Results

the frequency of the hla-cw4 allele was lower in mg (15.5% versus 8.3%; p = 0.0012), with a relative risk of 0.49 (0.9-0.26). analysis of the clinical variables revealed that the most important association was the absence of cw4 allele with the presence of goiters with intrathoracic components (p = 0.0012) and with the presence of goiters of more than 200 g (p = 0.0233). an association was also observed between the presence of the cw7 allele and familial antecedents of thyroid disease and between the presence of associated carcinoma and the cw1 allele.

Conclusions

hla-cw4 behaves as a protective allele against the development of mg not only because it is less frequent in the population with mg but also because individuals presenting this allele develop smaller goiters without an intrathoracic component.

Key words:
Multinodular goiter
HLA
Etiopathogenesis
HLA-Cw4
HLA-Cw1
HLA-Cw7
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