Serum 25 OH vitamin D concentrations and calcium intake are low in patients with prostate cancer
Published in Endocrinol Nutr. 2011;58:487-91. - vol.58 núm 09
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate dietary calcium intake (DCI) and vitamin D serum concentrations in patients with prostate cancer.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study including 91 subjects with prostate cancer. We determined DCI by a questionnaire, 25 OH vitamin D levels and bone mineral density (BMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
Results
According to current guidelines (1000mg/day), calcium intake was low in patients with prostate cancer (394±201mg/day). Twenty-two percent (20) of patients had adequate levels of vitamin D, whereas 29.7% (27) of patients were vitamin D deficient and 48.3% (44) were classified as vitamin D insufficiency. Vitamin D levels were not different in patients with or without androgen-deprivation therapy. There were no correlation between DCI, 25 OH vitamin and BMD.
Conclusions
In summary, in our group of prostate cancer patients DCI was low and vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent. Although this is a common condition in other populations, in this group of patients especially prone to osteoporosis could have more relevance. Additional research is needed to establish the consequences of low calcium intake and vitamin D deficiency in prostate cancer patients.
Key words: BMD. Calcium intake. Osteoporosis. Prostate cancer. Vitamin D.
Introduction
Introduction
Vitamin D deficiency remains a common condition. Serum vitamin D is not only a predictor of bone health but is also an independent predictor of risk for cancer1, 2 and other chronic diseases.3 There are several data supporting the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cancer prognosis4, 5 and numerous studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of medical complications to which patients with cancer are predisposed, i.e. infection, falls and immune disfunction.6, 7, 8
The effect of vitamin D in cancer processes has been demonstrated in experimental studies9 and may influence cancer incidence through mechanisms affecting cancer development and progression.4 Moreover, vitamin D deficiency has been proposed to be a risk factor for prostate cancer10 although increased risk of aggressive disease with higher circulating 25 OH vitamin D concentrations11, 12 or no association13, 14 had also been reported.
The mainstay of treatment for men with metastatic disease is androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). Currently, ADT is increasingly prescribed to men with no evidence of metastatic disease. Osteoporosis is the main complication of ADT, and the rate of osteoporosis is directly related to ADT duration.15 Numerous publications indicate the importance of calcium and vitamin D intake as risk factors for developing osteoporosis in men.16 In this population, especially prone to the development of osteoporosis, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake may be especially relevant. There are scarce data about calcium intake in prostate cancer. Previous studies had reported a calcium intake below the NIH recommendation, 1000mg/day, in 90% of...
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Varsavsky, Marielaa; Reyes-García, Rebecaa; Cortés-Berdonces, Maríaa; García-Martin, Antoniaa; Rozas-Moreno, Pedroa; Muñoz-Torres, Manuela
aUnidad de Metabolismo Óseo. Endocrinología. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio. Granada, Spain
