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Frequency of allergic diseases following measles

Kucukosmanoglu, E; Cetinkaya, F; Akcay, F; Pekun, F

Published in Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2006;34:146-9. - vol.34 núm 04

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Español: [ Resumen | The Español version is not available ]

Abstract

Objetivo: Las infecciones virales y bacterianas durante la niñez disminuyen la probabilidad de enfermedades alérgicas en los años posteriores. Sin embargo, a pesar de los trabajos sobre la baja frecuencia de enfermedad alérgica en pacientes con historia de sarampión, algunos estudios todavía sugieren que esta enfermedad puede causer un incremento de la frecuencia de patología alérgica. El propósito de este estudio fue investigar la frecuencia de enfermedades alérgica acaecidas después del sarampión. Métodos: Cincuenta y dos niños con sarampión hospitalizados en nuestra clínica, fueron comparados con otros 51 que no padecían la enfermedad. En ambos grupos se investigó la enfermedad alérgica por medio del cuestionario ISAAC. A todos los niños se les practicaron pruebas cutáneas a los cuatro alergenos más comunes. Resultados: La sensibilidad a D. pteronyssinus fue menos frecuente en niños con sarampión (p<0.05). La administración de salbutamol nebulizado en el servicio de urgencias en los 12 meses anteriores fue también menos frecuente en el grupo con sarampión (p<0.05). El uso de corticoides inhalados fue más común en el grupo sin sarampión (p<0.05). Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio indican que la incidencia de enfermedades alérgicas es menos frecuente en niños con historia de sarampión. En un menor porcentaje de estos niños se demostró sensibilización al D. pteronyssinus.

Key words: Allergic rhinitis. Asthma. Atopic dermatitis. Measles. Skin prick test. Wheezing.

Introduction

INTRODUCTION The prevalence of allergic diseases is steadily increasing in our country similar to the increase throughout the world ^1-4. Allergic diseases are known to be more frequent in Western countries ^5-7. Similarly, the prevalence of atopy diagnosed by the skin prick test and specific IgE is also on the increase ^8,9. These findings may be attributed to the hygiene hypothesis, which suggests an increase in the frequency of atopic diseases due to the decreasing number of children in families and a fall in the number of infections ^10,11. According to this hypothesis, the cytokine profile with an innate predominance of allergenic Th2 profile, shifts to the non-allergenic Th1 profile with the influence of childhood infections ^12,13. Although a number of studies demonstrate that measles and other viral infections prevent allergic conditions, other reports suggesting an increase in allergic diseases due to these infections are also present ^15-20. Turkey is a country with a high prevalence of childhood diseases. The number of measles cases was 30,509 in 2001 and the morbidity rate was 44.97 per one hundred thousand ²¹. We aimed to investigate the correlation of allergic diseases with a history of measles. METHODS Fifty-two children with a diagnosis of measles who were hospitalized in the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic in the Okmeydan Teaching hospital during 1996 and 2002 were incorporated into the study. The control group consisted of fifty-one children who had been admitted to the outpatient clinic for other...

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Kucukosmanoglu, E^a; Cetinkaya, F^b; Akcay, F^b; Pekun, F^b

^aDepartment of Pediatrics. Medical Faculty. Gaziantep University Istanbul. Turkey.

^bDepartment of Pediatrics Sisli Etfal Teaching Hospital. Istanbul. Turkey.