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Adherence predicts symptomatic and psychosocial remission in schizophrenia: Naturalistic study of patient integration in the community
La adherencia predice la remisión sintomática y psicosocial en esquizofrenia: estudio naturalístico de la integración de los pacientes en la comunidad
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Miguel Bernardoa,b, Fernando Cañasc, Berta Herrerad,
Corresponding author
bherrer1@its.jnj.com

Corresponding author.
, Marta García Doradod
a Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
c Hospital Dr. Rodríguez Lafora, Madrid, Spain
d Medical Affairs Department, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., Madrid, Spain
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Received 13 July 2015. Accepted 21 April 2016
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of 1787 patients included in the study.
Table 2. Previous and current treatment-related data.
Table 3. Independent factors associated with symptomatic remission in the multivariate analysis.
Table 4. Independent factors associated with psychosocial remission in the multivariate analysis.
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Abstract
Introduction

Psychosocial functioning in patients with schizophrenia attended in daily practice is an understudied aspect. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between symptomatic and psychosocial remission and adherence to treatment in schizophrenia.

Methods

This cross-sectional, non-interventional, and multicenter study assessed symptomatic and psychosocial remission and community integration of 1787 outpatients with schizophrenia attended in Spanish mental health services. Adherence to antipsychotic medication in the previous year was categorized as ≥80% vs. <80%.

Results

Symptomatic remission was achieved in 28.5% of patients, and psychosocial remission in 26.1%. A total of 60.5% of patients were classified as adherent to antipsychotic treatment and 41% as adherent to non-pharmacological treatment. During the index visit, treatment was changed in 28.4% of patients, in 31.1% of them because of low adherence (8.8% of the total population). Adherent patients showed higher percentages of symptomatic and psychosocial remission than non-adherent patients (30.5 vs. 25.4%, p<0.05; and 32 vs. 17%, p<0.001, respectively). Only 3.5% of the patients showed an adequate level of community integration, which was also higher among adherent patients (73.0 vs. 60.1%, p<0.05).

Conclusions

Adherence to antipsychotic medication was associated with symptomatic and psychosocial remission as well as with community integration.

Keywords:
Schizophrenia
Adherence
Psychosocial remission
Community integration
Psychosocial functioning
Resumen
Introducción

El funcionamiento psicosocial en pacientes con esquizofrenia que son atendidos en la práctica diaria es un aspecto que no está suficientemente estudiado. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación entre la remisión sintomática y psicosocial y la adherencia al tratamiento en esquizofrenia.

Métodos

Este estudio transversal, no intervencionista y multicéntrico evaluó la remisión sintomática y psicosocial y la integración comunitaria de 1.787 pacientes ambulatorios con esquizofrenia atendidos en servicios de salud mental españoles. La adherencia a la medicación antipsicótica en el año anterior se dividió en las categorías80% y<80%.

Resultados

La remisión sintomática se alcanzó en el 28,5% de los pacientes, y la remisión psicosocial en el 26,2%. En total, el 60,5% de los pacientes se clasificaron dentro de la categoría de pacientes con adherencia al tratamiento antipsicótico y el 41% dentro de la de pacientes con adherencia al tratamiento no farmacológico. Durante la visita de estudio, se cambió el tratamiento al 28,4% de los pacientes, en el 31,1% debido a la baja adherencia (8,8% de la población total). Los pacientes con adherencia al tratamiento presentaron mayores porcentajes de remisión sintomática y psicosocial que aquellos sin adherencia (30,5 frente al 25,4%, p<0,05; y 32 frente al 17%, p<0,001, respectivamente). Solo el 3,5% de los pacientes presentaron un nivel adecuado de integración comunitaria, que también fue más alta entre los pacientes adherentes (73,0 frente al 60,1%, p<0,05).

Conclusiones

La adherencia al tratamiento antipsicótico se asoció con la remisión sintomática y psicosocial, así como con la integración comunitaria.

Palabras clave:
Esquizofrenia
Adherencia
Remisión psicosocial
Integración comunitaria
Funcionamiento psicosocial

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