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Vol. 28. Issue 2.
Pages 127-131 (July - December 2010)
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Vol. 28. Issue 2.
Pages 127-131 (July - December 2010)
Artigo original
Open Access
Determinantes sociais e económicos da Saúde Mental
Mental health: social and economic determinants
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Ana Alexandra Marinho Alvesa,
Corresponding author
analexandralves@gmail.com

Autora para correspondência.
, Nuno Filipe Reis Rodriguesb
a Psiquiatria. Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal
b Saúde Pública. Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde do Grande Porto VII — Porto Oriental, Portugal
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Resumo

O conceito de “saúde mental” é amplo, e nem sempre é fácil a sua definição, ou a identificação daquilo que a determina. No entanto, da mesma forma que a “saúde” não é apenas a ausência de doença, também a saúde mental é mais do que apenas a ausência de perturbação mental. Neste sentido, tem sido cada vez mais entendida como o produto de múltiplas e complexas interacções, que incluem factores biológicos, psicológicos e sociais. Neste artigo são revistos alguns dos determinantes sociais e económicos da saúde mental, nomeadamente factores como condições laborais e desemprego, educação, pobreza, condições de habitação, nível de urbanização, discriminação sexual e violência de género, experiências precoces e interacção familiar, exclusão social e estigma, cultura e acontecimentos de vida stressantes. Por fim, salienta-se também a importância do conhecimento dos determinantes sociais e económicos da saúde mental numa perspectiva de Saúde Pública, e a sua relevância para a redução da carga global de doença e a melhoria da saúde mental das populações.

Keywords:
Mental health
Social determinants
Economic determinants
Mental illness
Poverty
Public health
Palavras-chave:
Saúde mental
Determinantes sociais
Determinantes económicos
Doença mental
Pobreza
Saúde pública
Abstract

The concept of “mental health” is comprehensive, and it isn’t always easy to define or to identify its determinants. However, in the same way that “health” isn’t merely the absence of disease, mental health is also more than just the absence of mental disorder. Thus, it has increasingly been understood as the product of multiple and complex interactions that include biological, psychological and social factors.

This article reviews some of the social and economic determinants of mental health, including factors like working conditions and unemployment, education, poverty, housing conditions, urbanization, sexual discrimination and gender based violence, early experiences and family interactions, social exclusion and stigma, culture, and stressful life events. Finally, the importance of the knowledge of social and economic determinants of mental health in a Public Health perspective is also highlighted, as well as its relevance to reduce the global burden of disease and to improve the mental health of populations.

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Copyright © 2010. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública
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