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Inicio Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Monte Carlo simulation of the basic features of the GE Millennium MG single phot...
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Vol. 33. Issue 1.
Pages 6-13 (January - February 2014)
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Vol. 33. Issue 1.
Pages 6-13 (January - February 2014)
Original article
Monte Carlo simulation of the basic features of the GE Millennium MG single photon emission computed tomography gamma camera
Simulación de Monte Carlo de los rasgos básicos de la cámara gamma SPECT GE Millennium MG
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L. Vieiraa,b,
Corresponding author
vieira.lina@sapo.pt

Corresponding author.
, T.F. Vazb, D.C. Costac, P. Almeidaa
a Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
b Área Científica de Medicina Nuclear, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
c HPP Medicina Molecular, SA, Porto, Portugal
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Figures (5)
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Counting rate expected and registered, at different energy windows and distances from the PSa to the collimator.
Table 2. Comparisons regarding the experimental and simulated point source sensitivity values, obtained for planar and tomographic images, at different distances and energy windows.
Table 3. Spatial resolution measurements obtained with simulated and experimental planar acquisitions.
Table 4. Spatial resolution measurements obtained with simulated and experimental tomographic acquisitions.
Table 5. The significance level (p value) on simulated and experimental tomographic data.
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Abstract
Objective

To describe and validate the simulation of the basic features of GE Millennium MG gamma camera using the GATE Monte Carlo platform.

Material and methods

Crystal size and thickness, parallel-hole collimation and a realistic energy acquisition window were simulated in the GATE platform. GATE results were compared to experimental data in the following imaging conditions: a point source of 99mTc at different positions during static imaging and tomographic acquisitions using two different energy windows. The accuracy between the events expected and detected by simulation was obtained with the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test. Comparisons were made regarding the measurement of sensitivity and spatial resolution, static and tomographic. Simulated and experimental spatial resolutions for tomographic data were compared with the Kruskal–Wallis test to assess simulation accuracy for this parameter.

Results

There was good agreement between simulated and experimental data. The number of decays expected when compared with the number of decays registered, showed small deviation (≤0.007%). The sensitivity comparisons between static acquisitions for different distances from source to collimator (1, 5, 10, 20, 30cm) with energy windows of 126–154keV and 130–158keV showed differences of 4.4%, 5.5%, 4.2%, 5.5%, 4.5% and 5.4%, 6.3%, 6.3%, 5.8%, 5.3%, respectively. For the tomographic acquisitions, the mean differences were 7.5% and 9.8% for the energy window 126–154keV and 130–158keV. Comparison of simulated and experimental spatial resolutions for tomographic data showed no statistically significant differences with 95% confidence interval.

Conclusions

Adequate simulation of the system basic features using GATE Monte Carlo simulation platform was achieved and validated.

Keywords:
Monte Carlo simulation
GATE
Gamma camera
SPECT
Static images
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir y validar la simulación de características básicas de la cámara gamma GE Millennium MG utilizando la plataforma GATE Monte Carlo.

Material y métodos

El tamaño y espesor del cristal, la colimación de agujeros paralelos y una ventana de adquisición de energía realista se simularon en la plataforma GATE. Los resultados GATE se compararon con los datos experimentales en las siguientes condiciones de formación de imágenes: fuente puntual 99mTc en diferentes posiciones durante la adquisición de imágenes estáticas y tomográficas utilizando 2 diferentes ventanas de energía. La precisión entre los eventos esperados y detectados por simulación se realizó utilizando la prueba de Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon. Las comparaciones se hicieron con respecto a las medidas de los parámetros sensibilidad y resolución espacial, estáticas y tomográficas. Las resoluciones espaciales simulada y experimental de los datos tomográficos se compararon con la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis.

Resultados

Hubo buena concordancia entre los datos simulados y experimentales. El número de decaimientos esperado en comparación con los registrados, ha revelado una pequeña desviación (≤0,007%). Las comparaciones de sensibilidad entre las adquisiciones estáticas, para diferentes distancias desde la fuente al colimador (1, 5, 10, 20, 30cm) con ventanas de energía de 126-154 keV y 130-158 keV, mostraron diferencias de 4,4; 5,5; 4,2; 5,5; 4,5 y 5,4; 6,3; 6,3; 5,8, y 5,3%, respectivamente. Las comparaciones entre sensibilidad tomográfica fueron 7,5 y 9,8% para la ventana de energía 126-154 keV y 130-158eV. La comparación de resoluciones espaciales simuladas y experimentales para los datos tomográficos no ha mostrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas con un intervalo de confianza del 95%.

Conclusiones

Se ha conseguido efectuar y validar una simulación Monte Carlo con la plataforma GATE de características básicas de funcionamiento de una cámara gamma GE Millennium MG.

Palabras clave:
Simulación de Monte Carlo
GATE
Cámara gamma
SPECT
Imágenes estáticas

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