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Vol. 19. Issue 1.
Pages 9-20 (January - March 2012)
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Vol. 19. Issue 1.
Pages 9-20 (January - March 2012)
Revisión
Avances en enfoques multidisciplinarios y en diversas especies para el examen de la neurobiología de los trastornos psiquiátricos
Advances in multidisciplinary and cross-species approaches to examine the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders
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Martien J.H. Kasa,
Corresponding author
m.j.h.kas@umcutrecht.nl

Autor para correspondencia.
, Vaishnav Krishnanb, Todd D. Gouldc, David A. Collierd, Berend Oliviera,e,f, Klaus-Peter Leschg, Enrico Domenicih, Eberhard Fuchsi, Cornelius Grossj, Eero Castrénk
a Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Holanda
b Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, EE.UU
c Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, EE.UU
d Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, Reino Unido
e Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Holanda
f Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, EE.UU
g Molecular Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Alemania
h Neurosciences Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Verona, Italia
i Clinical Neurobiology Laboratory, German Primate Center, and Department of Neurology, University Medicine, Göttingen, Alemania
j Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, Italia
k Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finlandia
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Los enfoques actualmente utilizados para analizar la neurobiología molecular de trastornos neuropsiquiátricos complejos, como la esquizofrenia y la depresión mayor, han sido criticados con razón por no aportar un beneficio a los pacientes. La mejora del potencial translacional de nuestros trabajos requerirá el desarrollo y perfeccionamiento de mejores modelos de la enfermedad, que tengan en cuenta una amplia variedad de factores contribuyentes, como la variación genética, las interacciones entre gen y entorno, la determinación del endofenotipo o el fenotipo intermedio, el análisis en distintas especies, las diferencias entre sexos y las etapas del desarrollo. En el transcurso de una reunión específica de expertos del European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP), celebrada en Estambul, abordamos las oportunidades y los fallos existentes en los modelos animales translacionales actuales de los trastornos psiquiátricos y acordamos una serie de guías y recomendaciones clave que pensamos que serán útiles para orientar la ulterior investigación en este campo.

Palabras clave:
Conducta
Endofenotipo
Interacción de gen y entorno
Envejecimiento
Ratón
Psiquiatría
Diferencias entre sexos
Desarrollo
Abstract

Current approaches to dissect the molecular neurobiology of complex neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and major depression have been rightly criticized for failing to provide benefits to patients. Improving the translational potential of our efforts will require the development and refinement of better disease models that consider a wide variety of contributing factors, such as genetic variation, gene-by-environment interactions, endophenotype or intermediate phenotype assessment, cross species analysis, sex differences, and developmental stages. During a targeted expert meeting of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) in Istanbul, we addressed the opportunities and pitfalls of current translational animal models of psychiatric disorders and agreed on a series of core guidelines and recommendations that we believe will help guiding further research in this area.

Keywords:
Behavior
Endophenotype
Gene by environment
Ageing
Mouse
Psychiatry
Sex differences
Development

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