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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Primary infectious spondylodiscitis in 51 patients over 75 years old: A comparat...
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Primary infectious spondylodiscitis in 51 patients over 75 years old: A comparative study
Espondilodiscitis infecciosa primaria en 51 pacientes mayores de 75 años: estudio comparativo
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Jean-Jacques Dubosta,
Corresponding author
jjdubost@chu-clermontferrand.fr

Corresponding author.
, Julien Lopeza, Bruno Pereirab, Benjamin Castagnea, Anne Tournadrea, Martin Soubriera, Marion Couderca
a Rheumatology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel-Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
b Biostatistic Unit, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l’Innovation (DRCI), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel-Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Received 20 April 2017. Accepted 12 July 2017
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Clinical and imaging findings and laboratory data.
Table 2. Bacteriological diagnostic procedures used and progression of spondylodiscitis according to age.
Table 3. Causative micro-organisms in 122 cases of spondylodiscitis according to age.
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Abstract
Background and objective

The incidence of infectious spondylodiscitis has been shown to rise with age; however, they had not been extensively investigated in the very elderly.

Material and methods

This retrospective, monocentric study included patients hospitalized in our department of rheumatology for primary infectious spondylodiscitis between 2000 and 2015, and compared over 75-year-olds with younger patients.

Results

Of the 152 patients, 51 (33.6%) were75 years old, 59 were 61–74, and 42 were60. Patients75 years old were more often institutionalized (7.8 vs. 0; p=0.02), were less often subject to infection risk factors (27.5 vs. 54.5%; p=0.02), but did not differ from the others as regards the frequency of diabetes and cancer. Time to diagnosis was shorter for the under 60-year-olds (23 vs. 30 vs. 30 day for each age group, respectively; p<0.05). There were no differences among the age groups in terms of spondylodiscitis localization, frequency of neurological symptoms and fever, frequency or intensity of inflammatory syndrome, imaging use, frequency of microorganism identification, blood culture positivity, or use and efficacy of disco-vertebral biopsy. Microorganism distribution was comparable among the groups, except for Gram-negative bacilli, with Escherichia coli more common in over 75-year-olds (7/8 vs. 4/14; p=0.02). Duration of antibiotherapy and hospitalization was comparable across the age groups. Five patients died, all over 75 years old (5/51 vs. 0/101; p=0.001).

Conclusion

Age is a risk factor for primary spondylodiscitis, associated with significant mortality in over 75-year-olds (10%). For these elderly patients, spondylodiscitis does not bear any other distinguishing features.

Keywords:
Infectious spondylodiscitis
Older people
Vertebral osteomyelitis
Patient characteristic
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Se ha demostrado que la incidencia de la espondilodiscitis infecciosa se incrementa con la edad; sin embargo, esto no ha sido investigado ampliamente en los mayores.

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo, en un único centro, que incluyó a los pacientes hospitalizados en nuestro Departamento de Reumatología debido a espondilodiscitis infecciosa entre 2000 y 2015, y comparación de los pacientes mayores de 75 con los pacientes más jóvenes.

Resultados

De los 152 pacientes, 51 (33,6%) eran75 años, 59 de entre 61 y 74, y 4260. Los pacientes75 estaban frecuentemente institucionalizados (7,8 frente a 0; p=0,02), estuvieron menos sujetos a los factores de riesgo de infección (27,5 frente a 54,5%; p=0,02), pero no difirieron del resto en cuanto a la frecuencia de diabetes y cáncer. El tiempo de diagnóstico fue menor para los pacientes menores de 60 años (23 frente a 30 frente a 30 días para cada grupo de edad, respectivamente; p<0,05). No se produjeron diferencias entre los grupos de edad en términos de localización de la espondilodiscitis, frecuencia de síntomas neurológicos y fiebre, frecuencia o intensidad del síndrome inflamatorio, toma de imágenes, frecuencia de identificación de microorganismos, positividad del hemocultivo, o uso o eficacia de la biopsia discovertebral. La distribución de los microorganismos fue comparable entre los grupos, exceptuando los bacilos gramnegativos, siendo Escherichia coli el más común en los pacientes mayores de 75 años (7/8 frente a 414; p=0,02). La duración del tratamiento antibiótico y la hospitalización fueron comparables entre los grupos de edad. Cinco pacientes fallecieron, todos ellos mayores de 75 años (5/51 frente a 0/101; p=0,001).

Conclusión

La edad es un factor de riesgo para la espondilodiscitis primaria, que se asocia a una mortalidad significativa en los pacientes mayores de 75 años (10%). Para estos pacientes mayores, la espondilodiscitis no comporta otras características distintivas.

Palabras clave:
Espondilodiscitis infecciosa
Mayores
Osteomielitis vertebral
Característica del paciente

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