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Approach and Management of Traumatic Retroperitoneal Injuries
Abordaje y manejo de las lesiones retroperitoneales traumáticas
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Patrizio Petronea,b,
Corresponding author
, Cristina Magadán Álvareza, D’Andrea Josepha, Lee Cartagenaa, Fahd Alia, Collin E.M. Brathwaitea
a Department of Surgery, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, Long Island, New York, United States
b Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
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Received 12 December 2017. Accepted 27 February 2018
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Table 1. Organs Affected According to the Mechanism of Injury.
Table 2. Most Frequently Affected Organs and Their Corresponding Approach.
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Abstract

Traumatic retroperitoneal injuries constitute a challenge for trauma surgeons. They usually occur in the context of a trauma patient with multiple associated injuries, in whom invasive procedures have an important role in the diagnosis of these injuries. The retroperitoneum is the anatomical region with the highest mortality rates, therefore early diagnosis and treatment of these lesions acquire special relevance. The aim of this study is to present current published scientific evidence regarding incidence, mechanism of injury, diagnostic methods and treatment through a review of the international literature from the last 70 years. In conclusion, this systematic review showed an increasing trend toward non-surgical management of retroperitoneal injuries.

Keywords:
Retroperitoneum
Trauma
Prevalence
Injuries
Diagnosis
Management
Treatment
Resumen

Las lesiones traumáticas retroperitoneales constituyen un desafío para el cirujano de traumatología. Ocurren generalmente en el contexto de un paciente politraumatizado, con múltiples lesiones asociadas y en el que los procedimientos invasivos tienen un rol preponderante en el diagnóstico de estas lesiones. El retroperitoneo es la región anatómica que presenta mayores tasas de mortalidad, por lo que el diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento de estas lesiones adquiere especial relevancia. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la evidencia científica publicada hasta el momento en cuanto a su prevalencia, mecanismo lesional, métodos diagnósticos y tratamiento mediante una revisión de la literatura internacional de los últimos 70 años. Como conclusión, en esta revisión sistemática se pone de manifiesto una creciente tendencia al manejo no quirúrgico de las lesiones que afectan el retroperitoneo.

Palabras clave:
Retroperitoneo
Traumatismo
Prevalencia
Lesiones
Diagnóstico
Manejo
Tratamiento

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