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Vol. 1. Issue 1.
Pages 41-53 (January - June 2015)
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Vol. 1. Issue 1.
Pages 41-53 (January - June 2015)
Original article
A virtue ethics perspective on bioethics
Una perspectiva de la ética de la virtud en bioética
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131
Justin Oakley
Centre for Human Bioethics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract

The emergence of contemporary forms of virtue ethics in recent decades has challenged familiar Kantian and Utilitarian ethical theories, and its emphasis on moral psychology and human flourishing has led to many innovations in ethical theory. This philosophical work on virtue ethics has led to a corresponding development of virtue ethics approaches to bioethics, in ways which are independent of Kantian and Utilitarian approaches. In this article I outline key distinctive features of virtue ethics, briefly explaining its origins in Aristotle's ethics. I then indicate how virtue ethics has been illuminatingly applied to several issues in bioethics, such as abortion, prebirth testing, euthanasia, and health care practice. I also sketch how virtue ethics might be plausibly extended to the formulation of policy governing the practice of health care.

Keywords:
Virtue
Aristotle
Health care
Abortion
Prebirth testing
Euthanasia
Resumen

El surgimiento de las formas contemporáneas de la ética de las virtudes en décadas recientes ha presentado un desafío a las bien conocidas teorías éticas kantiana y utilitarista, y su énfasis en la psicología moral y el florecimiento humano ha llevado a muchas innovaciones en la teoría ética. El trabajo filosófico en la ética de las virtudes ha conducido al correspondiente desarrollo de enfoques de esa ética orientados a la bioética, en formas que son independientes de los métodos kantianos y utilitaristas. En este artículo, describo características distintivas fundamentales de la ética de las virtudes, y explico brevemente sus orígenes en la ética de Aristóteles. Luego, señalo cómo la ética de las virtudes se ha aplicado de forma esclarecedora a diversas cuestiones bioéticas, tales como el aborto, los diagnósticos prenatales, la eutanasia y la práctica del cuidado médico. También explico a grandes rasgos cómo la ética de las virtudes podría extenderse de manera admisible a la formulación de políticas que rijan la práctica de la atención médica.

Palabras clave:
Virtud
Aristóteles
Cuidado de la salud
Aborto
Diagnóstico prenatal
Eutanasia

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