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Treatment of long anterior urethral stricture associated to lichen sclerosus
Tratamiento de la estenosis larga de uretra anterior asociada a liquen escleroso
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J.C. Anguloa,b,
Corresponding author
jangulo@futurnet.es

Corresponding author.
, I. Arancea, C. Esquinasa, D. Nikolavskyc, N. Martinsd, F. Martinsd
a Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Laureate Universities, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
c Departmento de Urología, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
d Departamento de Urología, Universidad de Lisboa, Hospital de Santa María, Lisboa, Portugal
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Received 12 June 2016. Accepted 01 September 2016
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Table 1. Demographic and operative variables.
Table 2. Functional results.
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Abstract
Introduction

Panurethral stricture associated with lichen sclerosus is a therapeutic challenge. We present the analysis of our results using two urethroplasty techniques based on oral mucosa graft.

Material and method

Retrospective study in patients with long anterior urethral stricture (>8cm) associated with lichen sclerosus. Patients received urethroplasty with oral mucosa graft technique according Kulkarni (n=25) or two-step Johanson–Bracka urethroplasty (n=15). Demographics, operative time, complications (Clavien–Dindo), hospital stay, days with catheter, EAV postoperative pain, failure rate, need for retreatment and functional data including IPSS, QoL, Qmax, post void residual (PVR) are evaluated.

Results

In all cases there was involvement of glandular and penile urethra, and in 75% of bulbar urethra. A single graft was used in 22.5%, two in 72.5% and three in 5%. Patients treated at a single step were younger (p=0.007). Although the length of the stenosis was equivalent in both techniques (p=0.96), relapse and complication rates were higher in two-step surgery (p=0.05 and p=0.03; respectively) and so was operative time (p<0.0001) and overall stay (p=0.0002). There were no differences in preoperative IPSS, QoL, Qmax or PVR, neither in postoperative values of IPSS or Qmax; but there was a difference in QoL (p=0.006) and PVR (p=0.03) favoring single-step urethroplasty. VAS pain on postoperative day 1 was also lower in Kulkarni urethroplasty than in the first step of Johanson–Bracka technique (p<0.0001).

Conclusions

In patients with lichen sclerosus and long anterior urethral stricture Kulkarni urethroplasty provides more efficient and better patient reported outcomes than Johanson–Bracka urethroplasty. It also prevents cosmetic, sexual and voiding temporary deterioration inherent to 2-step surgery.

Keywords:
Lichen sclerosus
Urethral stricture
Urethroplasty
Buccal mucosa
Resumen
Introducción

La estenosis panuretral asociada a liquen escleroso supone un reto terapéutico. Presentamos el análisis de nuestros resultados empleando 2 técnicas de uretroplastia basadas en injerto de mucosa oral.

Material y método

Estudio retrospectivo en pacientes con estenosis larga de uretra anterior (>8cm) asociada a liquen escleroso. Los pacientes recibieron uretroplastia con injerto de mucosa oral según técnica de Kulkarni (n=25) o uretroplastia en 2 tiempos tipo Bracka-Johanson (n=15). Se evalúan datos demográficos, tiempo operatorio, complicaciones (Clavien–Dindo), estancia hospitalaria, EAV de dolor postoperatorio, tasa de fracaso, necesidad de retratamiento y datos funcionales que incluyen IPSS, CdV y Qmáx, residuo posmiccional (RPM).

Resultados

En todos los casos hubo afectación glandular y peneana y en el 75% de uretra bulbar. En el 22,5% se empleó un solo injerto, en el 72,5% 2 y en el 5% 3. Los pacientes tratados en un solo tiempo fueron más jóvenes (p=0,007). A pesar de que la longitud de la estenosis fue equivalente en ambas técnicas (p=0,96), la tasa de recidiva y de complicaciones fue superior en 2 tiempos (p=0,05 y p=0,03; respectivamente), así como el tiempo operatorio (p<0,0001) y la estancia global (p=0,0002). No hubo diferencias en IPSS, CdV, Qmáx o RPM preoperatorios, ni tampoco en los valores postoperatorios de IPSS o Qmáx; pero sí en CdV (p=0,006) y RPM (p=0,03) a favor de uretroplastia en un tiempo. La EAV de dolor en el 1.er día postoperatorio fue también menor en la uretroplastia de Kulkarni que en el primer tiempo de Johanson-Bracka (p<0,0001).

Conclusiones

En pacientes con liquen escleroso y estenosis larga de uretra anterior la uretroplastia de Kulkarni proporciona resultados operatorios más eficientes y mejor valorados por el paciente que la uretroplastia de Johanson-Bracka. Además, evita el deterioro temporal cosmético, sexual y miccional inherente a la cirugía en 2 tiempos.

Palabras clave:
Liquen escleroso
Estenosis de uretra
Uretroplastia
Mucosa bucal

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