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Original article
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual function
Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico y su asociación con síntomas del tracto urinario inferior y función sexual
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M. Plataa,b,
Corresponding author
mplata@uniandes.edu.co

Corresponding author.
, J.I. Caicedoa,b, C.G. Trujilloa,b, Á.M. Mariño-Alvareza,b, N. Fernandeza, A. Gutierreza, F. Godoya, M. Cabreraa, J.G. Cataño-Catañoa, D. Robledoa,b
a Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario de la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
b Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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Received 26 September 2016. Accepted 13 December 2016
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Sociodemographic and clinical baseline characteristics.
Table 2. Bivariate model between IIEF and IPSS categories and the presence of metabolic syndrome.
Table 3. Final multivariate model between IIEF and IPSS scores and the presence of MetS, adjusted for all other co-variables.
Table 4. Analysis between IPSS and IIEF and the different components of MetS.
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Abstract
Objectives

To estimate the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a daily urology practice and to determine its association with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED).

Material and methods

A retrospective study was conducted. Data from all male patients aged ≥40 years who attended our outpatient urology clinic from 2010 to 2011 was collected. Prevalence of MetS was determined, and LUTS and ED were assessed. A logistic model was used to determine possible associations, controlling for confounders and interaction factors.

Results

A total of 616 patients were included. MetS was observed in 43.8% (95% CI 39.6–48.3). The bivariate model showed an association between MetS and LUTS (p<0.01), but not between MetS and ED. The logistic model showed an association between MetS and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), while controlling for other variables. Patients exhibiting moderate LUTS had a greater risk for MetS than patients with mild LUTS (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.14–2.94). After analyzing for individual components of MetS, positive associations were found between diabetes and severe LUTS (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.24–7.1), and between diabetes and ED (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.12–5.8).

Conclusion

This study was able to confirm an association between MetS and LUTS, but not for ED. Specific components such as diabetes were associated to both. Geographical differences previously reported in the literature might account for these findings. Given that MetS is frequent among urological patients, it is advisable that urologists actively screen for it.

Keywords:
Metabolic syndrome
Lower urinary tract symptoms
Erectile dysfunction
Obesity
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Resumen
Objetivos

Estimar la frecuencia de síndrome metabólico (SMet) en la consulta urológica ambulatoria y su asociación con los síntomas del tracto urinario inferior y la disfunción eréctil.

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo que incluyó a todos los hombres de ≥40 años que consultaron ambulatoriamente entre 2010 y 2011. Se calculó la prevalencia de SMet, síntomas del tracto urinario inferior y disfunción eréctil. Se utilizó un modelo logístico para comprobar posibles asociaciones, controlando por interacciones y factores de confusión.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 616 pacientes. Se encontró SMet en el 43,8% (IC 95%: 39,6-48,3) de los pacientes. El análisis bivariado demostró una asociación entre SMet y síntomas del tracto urinario inferior (p<0,01), pero no con disfunción eréctil. El modelo logístico demostró una asociación independiente entre SMet y la severidad de los síntomas urinarios por puntuación en el IPSS, siendo mayor el riesgo de SMet en aquellos con síntomas moderados que con síntomas leves (OR: 1,83; IC 95%: 1,14-2,94). Se analizaron por separado los diferentes componentes del SMet y se encontraron asociaciones positivas entre diabetes, síntomas severos (OR: 1,3; IC 95%: 1,24-7,1) y disfunción eréctil (OR: 2,57, IC 95%: 1,12-5,8).

Conclusión

Se confirmó la asociación entre SMet y síntomas del tracto urinario inferior, pero no para disfunción eréctil. La diabetes, un componente específico del SMet sí se asoció con ambas condiciones. Las diferencias geográficas previamente reportadas en la literatura podrían explicar estos resultados. Debido a que el SMet es frecuente entre los pacientes urológicos, un tamizado activo por parte de los urólogos es recomendable.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome metabólico
Síntomas del tracto urinario inferior
Disfunción eréctil
Obesidad
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2

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